A compound capable of coordinating with a metal includes a chemical structure as shown in claim 1, in which: EPD represents a group having an electron pair donor atom; B and B are each independently an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an alkenyl group, or alkynyl group, or B and B form a spirocyclic group; and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are selected from various substituents.

SiOC-bonded polyether siloxanes are produced by transesterification of alkoxysiloxanes with polyetherols in the presence of trifluoromethanesulfonate as catalyst. The computational total water content of the reactants including alkoxysiloxanes and polyetherols is 5000 ppm by mass, advantageously 300 ppm by mass, preferably 150 ppm by mass, more preferably 100 ppm by mass, in particular 50 ppm by mass. The determination of the individual water contents is performed beforehand, preferably by titration according to Karl Fischer.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a catalyst and/or a precatalyst, in particular a single site catalyst and/or a single site precatalyst, for the oxidation and/or ammoxidation of olefins to produce aldehydes and/or nitriles, methods of preparing a corresponding catalyst and/or precatalyst, in particular single site catalyst and/or single site precatalyst, and methods of using said catalyst and/or precatalyst, in particular said single site catalyst and/or single site precatalyst, to produce aldehydes and/or nitriles.

A process for synthesizing at least one levulinate ester, said process comprising the reaction of furfuryl alcohol with at least one other alcohol in the presence of water and at least one catalyst, said furfuryl alcohol being present in a quantity of at least 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the alcohols, and said catalyst comprising at least one triflate ligand and at least one metal selected from bismuth, gallium, aluminum, tin and iron.

A process for synthesizing at least one levulinate ester, said process comprising the reaction of furfuryl alcohol with at least one other alcohol in the presence of water and at least one catalyst, said furfuryl alcohol being present in a quantity of at least 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the alcohols, and said catalyst comprising at least one triflate ligand and at least one metal selected from bismuth, gallium, aluminum, tin and iron.

A composition and process to make polyisocyanurate or polyurethane foam using a catalyst composition comprising at least one bismuth carboxylate catalyst and one or more co-catalysts selected from the group of alkali metal carboxylates and quaternary ammonium carboxylate salts, such that the resultant foam has improved insulation properties. The polyisocyanurate or polyurethane foams produced by this catalyst composition and method are useful for laminated boardstock, construction panels, appliance insulation, and spray-applied insulation.

A method for making organo-metal material involves providing a metal ion source in a medium that removes metal ions from the source and forms 1D metal-containing coordination polymers that self-assemble and precipitate as at least one of a 2D and 3D coordination polymer material that can be thermally treated to produce a porous metal oxide material.

Provided is a method for producing water-absorbent resin particles, which is capable of improving the gel strength for the purpose of achieving a good balance between the absorption under load and the rate of liquid permeation through gel. The present invention is a method for producing water-absorbent resin particles, which is characterized by comprising a step wherein a monomer composition containing a water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) and/or a vinyl monomer (a2) that turns into a water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) by means of hydrolysis and a crosslinking agent (b) is polymerized in the presence of at least one organic main group element compound selected from the group consisting of organic iodine compounds, organic tellurium compounds, organic antimony compounds, and organic bismuth compounds.

The invention relates to bismuth perfluoroalkylphosphinates as Lewis acid catalysts, the compounds, and processes for the preparation thereof.

Ar.sub.xBi[OP(O)(R.sub.f).sub.2].sub.3-x(Ia),

Ar.sub.3Bi[OP(O)(R.sub.f).sub.2].sub.2(Ib).

A tri-metallic organic framework having the formula BixCoyNi(1xy)(BTC)(4,4-bipy), its synthesis, and its use as a reduction catalyst.