The invention relates to oligomerization of olefins, such as ethylene, to higher olefins, such as a mixture of 1-hexene and 1-octene, using a catalyst system that comprises a) a source of chromium b) one or more activators and c) a phosphacycle-containing ligating compound. Additionally, the invention relates to a phosphacycle-containing ligating compound and a process for making said compound.

The invention relates to a method of forming an olefin from a first olefin and a second olefin in a metathesis reaction, comprising step (i): (i) reacting the first olefin with the second olefin in the presence of a compound that catalyzes said metathesis reaction such that the molar ratio of said compound to the first or the second olefin is from 1:500 or less, and the conversion of the first or the second olefin to said olefin is at least 50%, characterized in that as compound that catalyzes said metathesis reaction a compound of formula (A) is used: wherein M is Mo or W; R.sup.1 is aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, or heteroalkyl; optionally substituted; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 can be the same or different and are hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, heteroalkyl, heteroalkenyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; optionally substituted; R.sup.5 is alkyl, alkoxy, heteroalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, silylalkyl, silyloxy, optionally substituted; and R.sup.4 is a residue R.sup.6X, wherein XO and R.sup.6 is aryl, optionally substituted; or XS and R.sup.6 is aryl, optionally substituted; or XO and R.sup.6 is (R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9)Si; wherein R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9 are alkyl or phenyl, optionally substituted; or XO and R.sup.6 is (R.sup.10, R.sup.11, R.sup.12)C, wherein R.sup.10, R.sup.11, R.sup.12 are independently selected from phenyl, alkyl; optionally substituted; and to the catalysts used in the method. ##STR00001##

The invention relates to oligomerization of olefins, such as ethylene, to higher olefins, such as a mixture of 1-hexene and 1-octene, using a catalyst system that comprises a) a source of chromium b) one or more activators and c) a phosphacycle-containing ligating compound. Additionally, the invention relates to a phosphacycle-containing ligating compound and a process for making said compound.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for Rh(I) catalysts, methods of making alkenyl substituted arenes (e.g., allyl arene, vinyl arene, and the like), methods of making alkyl substituted arenes, and the like.

A catalyst, which is obtained by mixing a compound expressed by the following Structural Formula (1), a nitroalkane compound, a neodymium-containing compound, a sodium-containing compound, and a carbon structure: ##STR00001##

This invention pertains to hydroformylation catalysts containing a mixture of isomeric forms of halo-phosphorus ligands. This invention also describes a procedure for preparing isomers of certain halophosphite ligands, which contain the phosphorus atom in a macrocyclic ring.

This invention pertains to hydroformylation catalysts containing a mixture of isomeric forms of halo-phosphorus ligands. This invention also describes a procedure for preparing isomers of certain halophosphite ligands, which contain the phosphorus atom in a macrocyclic ring.

This invention pertains to hydroformylation catalysts containing a mixture of isomeric forms of halo-phosphorus ligands. This invention also describes a procedure for preparing isomers of certain halophosphite ligands, which contain the phosphorus atom in a macrocyclic ring.

A method of preparing catalyst particles (the preparation method) is disclosed. The preparation method comprises combining a Ru(0) complex and a carrier fluid to form a mixture and heating the mixture at an elevated temperature to nucleate the Ru(0) complex and give the catalyst particles in the carrier fluid. The preparation method optionally comprises isolating the catalyst particles from the carrier fluid. A method of preparing an organosilicon compound via dehydrogenative silylation with the catalyst particles (the synthesis method) is also disclosed. The synthesis method comprises reacting (A) an organohydridochlorosilane compound and (B) an alkene compound in the presence of (C) a catalyst, thereby preparing the organosilicon compound. The catalyst (C) of the synthesis method comprises the catalyst particles prepared by the preparation method.

Disclosed are perfluorinated SABRE catalysts comprising a d-block element and a perfluorinated ligand, wherein the perfluorinated ligand is of Formula (I): [L.sub.m-(NHC)(YZ).sub.q] or a salt thereof. Also disclosed is a method of preparing a hyperpolarized substrate comprising a spin nucleus or nuclei using the perfluorinated SABRE catalysts, and isolating the resulting hyperpolarized substrate for administration to an animal. Further disclosed is a method of imaging a tissue of an animal suspected of having a disease or condition.