A functionalized magnetic nanoparticle including an organometallic sandwich compound and a magnetic metal oxide. The functionalized magnetic nanoparticle may be reacted with a metal precursor to form in a catalyst for various CC bond forming reactions. The catalyst may be recovered with ease by attracting the catalyst with a magnet.

A functionalized magnetic nanoparticle including an organometallic sandwich compound and a magnetic metal oxide. The functionalized magnetic nanoparticle may be reacted with a metal precursor to form a catalyst for various CC bond forming reactions. The catalyst may be recovered with ease by attracting the catalyst with a magnet.

A functionalized magnetic nanoparticle including an organometallic sandwich compound and a magnetic metal oxide. The functionalized magnetic nanoparticle may be reacted with a metal precursor to form in a catalyst for various CC bond forming reactions. The catalyst may be recovered with ease by attracting the catalyst with a magnet.

A functionalized magnetic nanoparticle including an organometallic sandwich compound and a magnetic metal oxide. The functionalized magnetic nanoparticle may be reacted with a metal precursor to fol in a catalyst for various CC bond forming reactions. The catalyst may be recovered with ease by attracting the catalyst with a magnet.

A multicomponent photocatalyst includes a reactive component optically, electronically, or thermally coupled to a plasmonic material. A method of performing a catalytic reaction includes loading a multicomponent photocatalyst including a reactive component optically, electronically, or thermally coupled to a plasmonic material into a reaction chamber, introducing molecular reactants into the reaction chamber, and illuminating the reaction chamber with a light source.

A functionalized magnetic nanoparticle including an organometallic sandwich compound and a magnetic metal oxide. The functionalized magnetic nanoparticle may be reacted with a metal precursor to form a catalyst for various CC bond forming reactions. The catalyst may be recovered with ease by attracting the catalyst with a magnet.

A multicomponent photocatalyst includes a reactive component optically, electronically, or thermally coupled to a plasmonic material. A method of performing a catalytic reaction includes loading a multicomponent photocatalyst including a reactive component optically, electronically, or thermally coupled to a plasmonic material into a reaction chamber; introducing molecular reactants into the reaction chamber; and illuminating the reaction chamber with a light source.

A functionalized magnetic nanoparticle including an organometallic sandwich compound and a magnetic metal oxide. The functionalized magnetic nanoparticle may be reacted with a metal precursor to form a catalyst for various CC bond forming reactions. The catalyst may be recovered with ease by attracting the catalyst with a magnet.

Provided herein are adsorption materials comprising a metal-organic framework comprising metal ions of metals, a plurality of organic linkers and one or more modulator where each modulator forms a localized defect. Each organic linker in the plurality of organic linkers creates a bridge between metal ions. Each modulator is connected to only one metal chain. The adsorption material further comprises one or more ligands. Each ligand in the plurality of ligands can be an amine or other Lewis base (electron donor) appended to a metal ion of the metal-organic framework.