Systems, methods, and devices for analyzing small volumes of fluidic samples, as a non-limiting example, less than twenty microliters are provided. The devices are configured to make a first sample reading, for example, measure an energy property of the fluid sample, for example, osmolality, make a second sample reading, for example, detecting the presence or concentration of one or more analytes in the fluid sample, or make both the first sample reading and the second sample reading, for example, measuring the energy property of the fluid sample as well as detecting the presence or concentration of one or more analytes in the fluid sample.

Various apparatus, systems, and methods for measuring a solution characteristic of a sample comprising microorganisms are disclosed. In one embodiment, a sensor apparatus is disclosed comprising a sample container comprising a sample chamber configured to receive the sample and a reference sensor component comprising a reference conduit having a reference conduit cavity defined therein. The reference conduit cavity can be at least partially filled with a reference buffer gel, buffer solution, or wicking component. A segment of the reference conduit can extend into the sample chamber. A reference electrode material can be positioned at a proximal end of the wicking component or extend partially into the reference conduit cavity. The sensor apparatus can also comprise an active sensor component having an active electrode in fluid contact with the sample. The sample in the sample chamber can be aerated through an aeration port defined along a surface of the sample container.

An electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) microfluidic device comprises at least one integrated electrochemical sensor, the electrochemical sensor comprising: a reference electrode; a sensing electrode; and an analyte-selective layer positioned over the sensing electrode. In some embodiments, the electrochemical sensor measures a concentration of an analyte in a fluid sample exposed to the electrochemical sensor based on a potential difference between the reference electrode and the sensing electrode. The first analyte and the second analyte can be selected from a group consisting of K.sup.+, Na.sup.+, Ca.sup.2+, Cl.sup.−, HCO.sub.3.sup.−, Mg.sup.2+, H.sup.+, Ba.sup.2+, Pb.sup.2+, Cu.sup.2+, I.sup.−, NH4.sup.+, (SO4).sup.2−.

A perfusion manifold assembly is described that allows for perfusion of a microfluidic device, such as an organ on a chip microfluidic device comprising cells that mimic cells in an organ in the body, that is detachably linked with said assembly so that fluid enters ports of the microfluidic device from a fluid reservoir, optionally without tubing, at a controllable flow rate.

A culture module is contemplated that allows the perfusion and optionally mechanical actuation of one or more microfluidic devices, such as organ-on-a-chip microfluidic devices comprising cells that mimic at least one function of an organ in the body.

An embodiment of a channel device (1) according to the present disclosure includes a channel (2) and a first space (3) and a second space (4) located in the channel (2). The channel (2) includes a side surface along a direction in which a liquid flows. The second space (4) is connected to the first space (3). An upper end of the second space (4) is located at a different height from an upper end of the first space (3). At least a part of the first space (3) is located between the side surface of the channel (2) and at least a part of an outer periphery of the second space (4).

Methods and apparatuses for performing Free-Running Synthesis (FRS) and library preparation steps (e.g., nanopore library preparation) on a cartridge using digital microfluidics (DMF) in a tabletop DMF driver/reader apparatus.

Disclosed are a substrate for a microfluidic device, a microfluidic device, a driving method of the microfluidic device, and a method of manufacturing a substrate for the microfluidic device. The substrate includes: a first base substrate; a first electrode layer on the first base substrate, the first electrode layer including a plurality of drive electrodes. The plurality of drive electrodes define at least one flow channel and at least one functional area in the first substrate, the at least one functional area includes a reagent area, the at least one flow channel includes a reagent area flow channel, the reagent area includes a reagent area liquid storage portion and a droplet shape changing portion, the droplet shape changing portion is adjacent to the reagent area flow channel, and the reagent liquid storage portion is on a side of the droplet shape changing portion away from the reagent area flow channel.

The present invention relates to a biosensor, including: a blood cell separation membrane which separates blood cells from blood and allows plasma components to pass through; a microfluid channel through which the plasma components that have passed through the blood cell separation membrane flow; a lower substrate which allows the plasma components that have passed through the blood cell separation membrane to flow along the microfluid channel; and a pillar which connects the blood cell separation membrane and the lower substrate, in which an electrode is disposed in the pillar, and the pillar pushes and lifts the blood cell separation membrane by a predetermined distance. The biosensor of the present invention allows plasma, which is difficult to pass through the blood cell separation membrane due to surface tension, to easily pass through.

The invention relates to a method of forming a sensing device for supporting a plurality of nanopores upon an array of wells. The method involves providing a substrate, said substrate having a surface having an array of electrodes located thereon for connecting to or for configuring upon an electronic circuit. Separately, a well array structure is provided, which has an array of walls defining through-holes for defining wells. The substrate and well array structures are aligning said array of electrodes define, at least in part, a portion of the bases of respective wells at the bottom of the through holes. The resulting sensing device overcomes problems with known sensing devices by employing a substrate and/or well array structure, or hybrid thereof, that employs alternative materials or manufacturing processes.

A detection chip, a method for manufacturing a detection chip, a method for operating a detection chip, and a reaction system are disclosed. The detection chip includes a first substrate, a micro-cavity definition layer, and a heating electrode. The micro-cavity definition layer defines a plurality of micro-reaction chambers. The heating electrode is configured to release heat after being energized. The heating electrode includes a first electrode portion and at least one second electrode portion. Orthographic projections of the plurality of micro-reaction chambers on the first substrate are within an orthographic projection of the first electrode portion on the first substrate, the orthographic projections of the plurality of micro-reaction chambers on the first substrate do not overlap with an orthographic projection of the second electrode portion on the first substrate, and a resistance value of the first electrode portion is greater than a resistance value of the second electrode portion.