An impact mill using hammers to strike particles and reduce their size as the material progresses through a grinding chamber. Baffles are provided in the grinding chamber, adjacent the interior wall thereof, concentrically about the drive shaft of the mill. The baffles are adjacent to the hammers in the area of hammer sweep and form a path for the material using the flow of air through the mill and the swing of hammers to keep material from falling within the mill and remaining in the hammer sweep area. A variable speed motor varies the rate of movement of the hammers to increase or decrease the rate of strike of hammers to more efficiently and effectively reduce the material passing therethrough. The baffles can be retrofit into existing mills and can be created in angular sections with the lining of the grinding chamber for modular installation and removal.

A mobile shredder for metal materials comprising a feeding device, a shredding mill with a plurality of hammers associated with a rotor, and a removal device and an actuating device are provided, wherein: the feeding device comprises a hopper and a shredder with a first toothed roller and a second toothed roller that rotates in the opposite direction to that of the first roller and at a greater speed. The actuating device comprises a single motor. A control system is also provided with a plurality of hydraulic pumps for moving the rollers and a hydraulic clutch with a variable flow for moving the rotor, the plurality of hydraulic pumps and the hydraulic clutch being joined to the motor. The control system is configured to modify the rotational speed of the toothed rollers based on the motor load associated with the shredding mill; and the devices are mounted on a frame.

A mobile shredder for metal materials comprising a feeding device, a shredding mill with a plurality of hammers associated with a rotor, and a removal device and an actuating device are provided, wherein: the feeding device comprises a hopper and a shredder with a first toothed roller and a second toothed roller that rotates in the opposite direction to that of the first roller and at a greater speed. The actuating device comprises a single motor. A control system is also provided with a plurality of hydraulic pumps for moving the rollers and a hydraulic clutch with a variable flow for moving the rotor, the plurality of hydraulic pumps and the hydraulic clutch being joined to the motor. The control system is configured to modify the rotational speed of the toothed rollers based on the motor load associated with the shredding mill; and the devices are mounted on a frame.

The various embodiments disclosed and pictured illustrate a hammer cluster for comminuting various materials. The embodiments pictured and described herein are primarily for use with a rotatable hammermill assembly. An illustrative embodiment of a hammer cluster may include at least two hammers each having a connection portion, a contact portion, and a neck connecting the contact and connection portions. The connection portions may include a connection aperture with a relief cavity having a tab on either side thereof. A collar having a collar gap defined by two collar edges may be inserted through connection apertures of each hammer. The collar edges may engage the respective tabs such that the hammers and the collar may rotate about a rod positioned within the collar as a singular unit.

The various embodiments disclosed and pictured illustrate a hammer cluster for comminuting various materials. The embodiments pictured and described herein are primarily for use with a rotatable hammermill assembly. An illustrative embodiment of a hammer cluster may include at least two hammers each having a connection portion, a contact portion, and a neck connecting the contact and connection portions. The connection portions may include a connection aperture with a relief cavity having a tab on either side thereof. A collar having a collar gap defined by two collar edges may be inserted through connection apertures of each hammer. The collar edges may engage the respective tabs such that the hammers and the collar may rotate about a rod positioned within the collar as a singular unit.

Various embodiments of a hammermill system, hammer, and methods are disclosed. A hammermill hammer comprises a metal composite comprising a plurality of inserts and a body portion disposed between each of the plurality of inserts. The composition of the plurality of inserts is different than composition of the body portion. The material of the plurality of inserts has a greater abrasion resistance than the material of the body portion and the material of the body portion has a greater impact resistance than the material of the inserts. The hammers produced have improved wear resistance and longer useful life compared to conventional hammermill hammers.

Various embodiments of a hammermill system, hammer, and methods are disclosed. A hammermill hammer comprises a metal composite comprising a plurality of inserts and a body portion disposed between each of the plurality of inserts. The composition of the plurality of inserts is different than composition of the body portion. The material of the plurality of inserts has a greater abrasion resistance than the material of the body portion and the material of the body portion has a greater impact resistance than the material of the inserts. The hammers produced have improved wear resistance and longer useful life compared to conventional hammermill hammers.

Methods for manufacturing improved free-swinging hammermill hammer configurations are disclosed and described and include hammers of a lightweight and efficient design. The improved hammers can be arranged in clusters. The free-swinging hammermill hammer configurations are for comminution of materials such as grain and refuse. The hammer configurations of the present disclosure are adaptable to most hammer mill or grinders having free-swinging systems. The improved configurations improve installing, removing, and cleaning hammer components within the hammermill. Additionally, the hammer configurations of the present disclosure improve the overall efficiency of the hammermill during operation.

A shredding rotor rotatably coupled to a support frame is configured to remove plant leaves from plant stems fed into an aperture in the support frame. The shredding rotor includes many flexible shredding strands attached to a rotor axle. The shredding strands are sufficiently flexible to strip leaves from all sides of the stems without breaking the stems into pieces. Shredding strands are spaced far enough apart from one another to prevent plant material from becoming lodged between the strands. A destemming and shredding apparatus including two shredding rotors separates an incoming stream of plant materials into an output stream of shredded leaves and another output stream of essentially intact stems. A shredding apparatus having no more than one shredding rotor receives destemmed leaves at an inlet aperture and outputs shredded leaf fragments.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cellulose acetate which can be used to obtain an optical film having a very small amount of bright spot foreign matters, with excellent production efficiency, even when cellulose containing a small amount of hemicellulose components and having a high degree of crystallinity is used as a raw material. A cellulose acetate in which a content ratio by mole of mannose units to a sum of xylose units, mannose units and glucose units, which are sugar chain components, is 0.04 mol % or less, and a filtration index K measured by the following measurement method is 30 mL.sup.1 or less. (Measurement method) The cellulose acetate is dissolved in a mixed solvent containing methylene chloride and methanol at a weight ratio of methylene chloride/methanol of 9/1 to obtain a solution with a solid concentration of 16% by weight. The temperature of the solution is adjusted to 25 C., and the solution is subjected to constant-pressure filtration under a pressure of 3 kg/cm.sup.2 using a cloth obtained by stacking three sheets of calico (s 618) (diameter: 15 mm, filtration area: 1.77 cm.sup.2). At this time, the filtration index k (mL.sup.1) is calculated from the following expression, where P.sub.1 represents the amount of filtration (mL) up to 20 minutes after the start of filtration, and P.sub.2 represents the amount of filtration (mL) from 0 to 60 minutes.