A impact crusher with dual rotor and an upper rotor assembly (50) for the impact crusher are disclosed herein. The upper rotor (30) of the impact crusher comprises two discs on top of each other. The upper rotor (30) comprises a plurality of hammers (40) pointing down, to the outer perimeter of the lower rotor (20) discharging the material to be crushed at high speed. Each hammer (40) has a support shaft (41) that extends vertically between the first disc (31) and the second disc (32). The distance between the first disc (31) and the second disc (32) provides torsional structure to the connection between the hammer and the upper rotor (30). The upper rotor (30) is configured to be tilted into a service position, wherein the service position is tilted between 90 degrees and 180 degrees from a crushing position.

Certain aspects of the technology disclosed herein include an apparatus and method for forming nanoparticles. The method includes a mechanical milling process induced by aerodynamic, centrifugal, and centripetal forces and further augmented by ultrasound, magnetic pulse, and high voltage impact. A nanoparticle mill having an atmospheric and luminance controlled environment can form precisely calibrated nanoparticles. A nanoparticle mill can include first aerodynamic vane configured to rotate around a central axis of the nanoparticle mill in a first direction, and a second aerodynamic vane configured to rotate around the central axis in a second direction. An aerodynamic shape of an aerodynamic vane can be configured to cause particles within the nanoparticle mill to flow around the aerodynamic vane. The nanoparticle mill can include a primary product line, a nanoparticle sampling line, a particle programming array, a solidifying chamber, or any combination thereof.

Various embodiments of a hammermill system, hammer, and methods are disclosed. A hammermill hammer comprises a metal composite comprising a plurality of inserts and a body portion disposed between each of the plurality of inserts. The composition of the plurality of inserts is different than composition of the body portion. The material of the plurality of inserts has a greater abrasion resistance than the material of the body portion and the material of the body portion has a greater impact resistance than the material of the inserts. The hammers produced have improved wear resistance and longer useful life compared to conventional hammermill hammers.

Various embodiments of a hammermill system, hammer, and methods are disclosed. A hammermill hammer comprises a metal composite comprising a plurality of inserts and a body portion disposed between each of the plurality of inserts. The composition of the plurality of inserts is different than composition of the body portion. The material of the plurality of inserts has a greater abrasion resistance than the material of the body portion and the material of the body portion has a greater impact resistance than the material of the inserts. The hammers produced have improved wear resistance and longer useful life compared to conventional hammermill hammers.

The various embodiments disclosed and pictured illustrate a hammer for comminuting various materials. The embodiments pictured and described herein are primarily for use with a rotatable hammermill assembly. The hammer includes a connector end having a rod hole therein, a contact end for delivery of energy to the material to be comminuted, and a neck affixing the connector end to the contact end. The neck is formed with at least one neck recess therein. In other embodiments, one or more shoulders are positioned around the periphery of the rod hole for added strength. In still other embodiments, the contact end is configured with more than one contact surface.

The various embodiments disclosed and pictured illustrate a hammer for comminuting various materials. The embodiments pictured and described herein are primarily for use with a rotatable hammermill assembly. The hammer includes a connector end having a rod hole therein, a contact end for delivery of energy to the material to be comminuted, and a neck affixing the connector end to the contact end. The neck is formed with at least one neck recess therein. In other embodiments, one or more shoulders are positioned around the periphery of the rod hole for added strength. In still other embodiments, the contact end is configured with more than one contact surface.

A pulverizer has arms connected to a vertically oriented rotating shaft at hubs. The arms are angled relative to radians extending from the shaft to be canted or offset. Pads can be oversized relative to the arms while being one of coplanar with the arms or recessed while possibly also having their radially inward face(s) angled to assist in resisting catching material thereon. A mechanical fuse connection can assist in connecting arms to the hub to prevent dangerous situations as well.

A mulching apparatus including: a housing including a front opening and an inner wall; a rotor mounted in the front opening of the housing adjacent to the inner wall; and a liner mounting system for mounting a replaceable wear liner between the rotor and the inner wall, the liner mounting system including: an upper mounting provided at an upper edge of the inner wall, the upper mounting configured to releasably connect with the wear liner; and a lower mounting provided at a lower edge of the inner wall, the lower mounting configured to support the wear liner against the upper mounting and secure the wear liner to the inner wall.

The various embodiments disclosed and pictured illustrate a hammer cluster for comminuting various materials. The embodiments pictured and described herein are primarily for use with a rotatable hammermill assembly. An illustrative embodiment of a hammer cluster may include at least two hammers each having a connection portion, a contact portion, and a neck connecting the contact and connection portions. The connection portions may include a connection aperture with a relief cavity having a tab on either side thereof. A collar having a collar gap defined by two collar edges may be inserted through connection apertures of each hammer. The collar edges may engage the respective tabs such that the hammers and the collar may rotate about a rod positioned within the collar as a singular unit.

The various embodiments disclosed and pictured illustrate a hammer cluster for comminuting various materials. The embodiments pictured and described herein are primarily for use with a rotatable hammermill assembly. An illustrative embodiment of a hammer cluster may include at least two hammers each having a connection portion, a contact portion, and a neck connecting the contact and connection portions. The connection portions may include a connection aperture with a relief cavity having a tab on either side thereof. A collar having a collar gap defined by two collar edges may be inserted through connection apertures of each hammer. The collar edges may engage the respective tabs such that the hammers and the collar may rotate about a rod positioned within the collar as a singular unit.