A fluid sprayer includes a pump and an electrostatic module configured to provide an electrostatic charge to spray fluid. The electrostatic module is electrically connected to a conductive component of the fluid sprayer, such as a fluid displacement member, fitting, cylinder, or spray tip, to charge the spray fluid via the conductive component. The fluid is electrostatically charged prior to exiting the fluid sprayer.

An electrostatic sprayer operable at high flow rates and low pressures particularly suitable for spray drying. The sprayer includes an elongated body having a downstream spray nozzle assembly through which electrically charged liquid is directed via a central feed tube within the nozzle body and atomizing air is supplied via an annular passage about the liquid feed tube. In one embodiment, the nozzle assembly is an external mix cluster head spray nozzle assembly having a plurality of circumferentially spaced metallic spray tips. In another embodiment, the spray nozzle is an internal mix nozzle assembly having a spray tip with an internal mixing chamber for atomizing liquid prior to discharge.

An electrostatic sprayer operable at high flow rates and low pressures particularly suitable for spray drying. The sprayer includes an elongated body having a downstream spray nozzle assembly through which electrically charged liquid is directed via a central feed tube within the nozzle body and atomizing air is supplied via an annular passage about the liquid feed tube. In one embodiment, the nozzle assembly is an external mix cluster head spray nozzle assembly having a plurality of circumferentially spaced metallic spray tips. In another embodiment, the spray nozzle is an internal mix nozzle assembly having a spray tip with an internal mixing chamber for atomizing liquid prior to discharge.

Described are an apparatus for generating and collecting nanospray reactive droplets and a method for analyzing a protein digestion. The apparatus includes a capillary, counter electrode, collection vessel, electrostatic lenses, and voltage control module. The capillary receives a mixture that includes a protein and an enzyme and has an outlet disposed in the aperture to dispense the mixture. The collection vessel has a concave surface to receive a nanospray plume emitted from the capillary outlet. The counter electrode and electrostatic lenses are disposed along a nanospray path defined between the capillary outlet and the collection vessel. Each electrostatic lens is formed of an electrically conductive plate having an aperture therein to pass a nanospray reactive plume. The voltage control module is in electrical communication with and is configured to independently control the voltage of the capillary, the counter electrode, the collection vessel and each of the electrostatic lenses.

Described are an apparatus for generating and collecting nanospray reactive droplets and a method for analyzing a protein digestion. The apparatus includes a capillary, counter electrode, collection vessel, electrostatic lenses, and voltage control module. The capillary receives a mixture that includes a protein and an enzyme and has an outlet disposed in the aperture to dispense the mixture. The collection vessel has a concave surface to receive a nanospray plume emitted from the capillary outlet. The counter electrode and electrostatic lenses are disposed along a nanospray path defined between the capillary outlet and the collection vessel. Each electrostatic lens is formed of an electrically conductive plate having an aperture therein to pass a nanospray reactive plume. The voltage control module is in electrical communication with and is configured to independently control the voltage of the capillary, the counter electrode, the collection vessel and each of the electrostatic lenses.

An electrostatic sprayer operable at high flow rates and low pressures particularly suitable for spray drying. The sprayer includes an elongated body having a downstream spray nozzle assembly through which electrically charged liquid is directed via a central feed tube within the nozzle body and atomizing air is supplied via an annular passage about the liquid feed tube. In one embodiment, the nozzle assembly is an external mix cluster head spray nozzle assembly having a plurality of circumferentially spaced metallic spray tips. In another embodiment, the spray nozzle is an internal mix nozzle assembly having a spray tip with an internal mixing chamber for atomizing liquid prior to discharge.

An electrostatic sprayer operable at high flow rates and low pressures particularly suitable for spray drying. The sprayer includes an elongated body having a downstream spray nozzle assembly through which electrically charged liquid is directed via a central feed tube within the nozzle body and atomizing air is supplied via an annular passage about the liquid feed tube. In one embodiment, the nozzle assembly is an external mix cluster head spray nozzle assembly having a plurality of circumferentially spaced metallic spray tips. In another embodiment, the spray nozzle is an internal mix nozzle assembly having a spray tip with an internal mixing chamber for atomizing liquid prior to discharge.

Embodiments simulate electrostatic painting on a real-world object. An embodiment begins by receiving an indication of paint deposition rate and an indication of maximum paint accumulation for a given real-world robotically controlled electrostatic paint gun. Next, paint deposition of the given real-world robotically controlled electrostatic paint gun in a virtual environment is represented which includes, for a subject time period, computing total paint accumulation (electrostatic and direct) on a given surface element of a model representing the real-world object. In turn, a parameter file is generated that includes parameters accounting for the determined total paint accumulation for the given surface element, where the generated parameter file enables precision operation of the given real-world robotically controlled electrostatic paint gun to paint the real-world object.

Provided in certain embodiments herein are alternating current electrospray systems and processes for manufacturing depositions, such as thin layer depositions. In some embodiments, processes and systems provided herein are suitable for and configured to manufacture uniform depositions, such as having uniform thickness.

Provided in certain embodiments herein are alternating current electrospray systems and processes for manufacturing depositions, such as thin layer depositions. In some embodiments, processes and systems provided herein are suitable for and configured to manufacture uniform depositions, such as having uniform thickness.