Herein disclosed are systems and methods related to solid source chemical intermediate fill vessels. The fill vessel can include a proximate end, a distal end, and a base disposed at the proximate end that is configured to hold solid source chemical reactant therein. The intermediate fill vessel can further include a lid at the distal end comprising a second thermal conductor. The lid can include a chemical inlet, a carrier gas inlet, and a chemical outlet. The fill vessel can further include an intermediate layer that is disposed between the base and the lid. The intermediate layer may include an insulator that is configured to reduce heat flow between the base and the lid.

Provided is a three-dimensional atomization device for heating a porous liquid guiding material. The atomization device comprises a porous liquid guiding material member (10) and a heating member (20). The porous liquid guiding material member (10) has a plurality of outer surfaces. The heating member (20) is provided on at least two adjacent outer surfaces of the plurality of outer surfaces to form at least two heating surfaces (201). The heating member (20) forms one or more metal heating trajectories (100) on the heating surfaces (201). The metal heating trajectories (100) are equidistantly distributed in a lengthwise direction of the porous liquid guiding material member (10). The porous liquid guiding material member (10) realizes a liquid transmission along a lengthwise direction which is defined as a first direction, and an airflow transmission along a second direction which is perpendicular to the second direction.

A vaporizer includes a tank body, a porous member disposed in the vaporizer and heated, a supply tube configured to supply a liquid material to the porous member, and a gas discharge passage configured to discharge a source gas produced by vaporizing the liquid material to the outside. An outlet of the supply tube is disposed in contact with or in close proximity to the porous member. When the outlet is disposed in close proximity to the porous member, a separation distance between the outlet and the porous member is not greater than a distance from the outlet to a bottom of a droplet of the liquid material formed and suspended at the outlet by surface tension.

A method, system and apparatus are provided for generating indicia in the sky using a single pass of an aircraft. A system of an embodiment for communicating a message from an aircraft includes: a plurality of valves; a tank in fluid communication with each of the plurality of valves; a plurality of nozzles, where each nozzle is associated with a corresponding valve, and where the plurality of nozzles are distributed along a span of a wing of the aircraft; a controller configured to control each of the plurality of valves, where the controller is configured to actuate the plurality of valves to generate, from contents of the tank received at each nozzle, a plume to be suspended in air to form a plurality of plumes; and a light source configured to project indicia on the plurality of plumes.

A freshening composition and method of jetting a freshening composition from a microfluidic device are provided. The composition includes greater than 5 wt. % of solubilizing materials that are liquid at 20 C. Each of the solubilizing materials have a Hansen polarity parameter (p) of greater than 5 MPa0.5; a Hansen hydrogen-bonding parameter (h) of greater than 9 MPa0.5; and a vapor pressure of less than 267 Pa. The method includes heating the freshening composition with a thermal actuator and atomizing the heated composition from a nozzle in a direction that is from 0 degrees to 90 degrees from the direction of gravitational force.

Method for manufacturing an electrically operable heating body for an inhaler, wherein a semiconductor material is provided so as to be substantially planar, and a plurality of channels are incorporated into the semiconductor material substantially in the direction of the surface normal of the planar semiconductor material, such that a fluid can pass through the semiconductor material in the channels.

Disclosed herein is a tactical turbine aerosol generator. An embodiment of tactical turbine aerosol generator can comprise an aerosol dispersal system. The aerosol dispersal system can include an aerosol generator. The aerosol generator can comprise a solution tank assembly. The solution tank assembly can be configured to transport an aerosol solution for vaporization. The aerosol generator can further include a motor device. The motor device can be configured to vaporize the aerosol solution and expel the aerosol solution from the aerosol generator. Aerosol generator can also comprise an engine control unit in electrical communication with the motor device. The aerosol generator can include a transmitter assembly in electrical communication with the solution assembly and engine control unit. The aerosol generator can also be configured actuate operation of the aerosol generator. The aerosol dispersal system can also include an auxiliary container assembly configured to be coupled to the aerosol generator.

Methods of forming a protective coating on a surface of one or more substrates. The methods include providing a mixture including a coating agent in a solvent, forming a fog from the mixture, allowing the fog to contact the outer surface of the one or more substrates so that a portion of the mixture accumulates on at least a portion of the surface of the one or more substrates. The solvent from the mixture is then at least partially removed from the surface of the one or more substrates, e.g., by evaporation or forced convection, causing a protective coating to be formed from the coating agent on at least a part of the surfaces of the one or more substrates. The protective coating can, for example, protect at least to some extent the substrates from biotic or abiotic stressors such as mass or moisture loss, oxidation, mold, fungi, or infestation.

An atomizing assembly includes a tubing section having an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end of the tubing section is connectable to a liquid storage portion, and the outlet end of the tubing section is in fluid communication with an atomizing nozzle. The tubing section is configured to deliver a flow of liquid aerosol-forming substrate through the atomizing nozzle. The atomizing nozzle includes an air channel configured to establish an air flow through the nozzle. The air flow is mixed with the flow of liquid aerosol-forming substrate.

An electronic smoking device includes a liquid supply (34) and an atomizer in a housing. The liquid supply (34) includes at least two container members (34a, 34b) attachable to one another through a connection mechanism to form a liquid supply main body. Each of the container members (34a, 34b) may have an outlet (341a, 341b) sealed by a sealing member (342a, 342b) and a second end which is closed, and an aerosol channel (343a, 343b) formed between the container members.