Free stall systems having free stall units arranged in a substantially parallel relationship having coated rail members. The coated rail members comprising an elongated fiberglass material manufactured by grinding a starting fiberglass material prior to a coating being applied. The starting fiberglass material can be reclaimed and reused from other industries such that the fiberglass material may be cut to remove unwanted metal end portions and/or cut to a desired size prior to the grinding and coating steps. The coated fiberglass material can be coated with a UV-resistant material or other coating to maintain the longevity of the fiberglass member during its use. The coated fiberglass apparatus may be utilized in free stall systems, gates, fencing materials and other applications where a solid fiberglass rod or hollow fiberglass tube having a desired coating is desired.

A system and method for applying an overcoat to a printed image on a substrate generally includes a radiative source that transmits electromagnetic radiation within a predefined wavelength range to the printed image on the substrate to be absorbed by the printed image and heat the printed image to a predetermined temperature range, a depositing device that deposits an overcoating powder onto the heated printed image, the overcoating powder having a melting point within the predetermined range such that upon deposition thereof, the overcoating powder adheres and/or melts onto the heated printed image, and a residual powder removing device that removes any residual overcoating powder not adhered to the printed image or the substrate.

A deposition assembly generally comprises a first deposition apparatus that is configured to receive a substrate, such as a glass mandrel. The first deposition apparatus is further configured to deposit a plurality of first monolayer molecules onto at least a surface of the substrate to generate a first coating structure on the substrate. A second deposition apparatus is coupled to the first deposition apparatus, and wherein the second deposition apparatus is configured to deposit a plurality of second monolayer molecules onto at least the surface of the substrate such that the second monolayer molecules are diffused through the first coating structure and at least one aperture is filled by at least one of the second monolayer molecules to generate at least one mold release layer on at least the surface of the substrate.

A fluid dispensing apparatus is disclosed. Systems include an in-line or linear bladder apparatus configured to expand to collect a charge of fluid, and contract to assist with fluid delivery and dispensing. During a dispense-off period process fluid can collect in this bladder after the process fluid is pushed through a fine filter (micro filter). A given filtration rate can be less than a dispense rate and thus the system herein compensates for filter-lag that often accompanies fluid filtering for microfabrication, while providing a generally linear configuration that reduces chances for defect creation.

A fluid dispensing apparatus is disclosed. Systems include an in-line or linear bladder apparatus configured to expand to collect a charge of fluid, and contract to assist with fluid delivery and dispensing. During a dispense-off period process fluid can collect in this bladder after the process fluid is pushed through a fine filter (micro filter). A given filtration rate can be less than a dispense rate and thus the system herein compensates for filter-lag that often accompanies fluid filtering for microfabrication, while providing a generally linear configuration that reduces chances for defect creation.

According to one embodiment, a system for manufacturing a fully impregnated thermoplastic prepreg includes a mechanism for moving a fabric or mat and a drying mechanism that removes residual moisture from at least one surface of the fabric or mat. The system also includes a resin application mechanism that applies a reactive resin to the fabric or mat and a press mechanism that presses the coated fabric or mat to ensure that the resin fully saturates the fabric or mat. The system further includes a curing oven through which the coated fabric or mat is moved to polymerize the resin and thereby form a thermoplastic polymer so that upon exiting the oven, the fabric or mat is fully impregnated with the thermoplastic polymer. During at least a portion of the process, humidity in the vicinity of the coated fabric or mat is maintained at substantially zero.

According to one embodiment, a system for manufacturing a fully impregnated thermoplastic prepreg includes a mechanism for moving a fabric or mat and a drying mechanism that removes residual moisture from at least one surface of the fabric or mat. The system also includes a resin application mechanism that applies a reactive resin to the fabric or mat and a press mechanism that presses the coated fabric or mat to ensure that the resin fully saturates the fabric or mat. The system further includes a curing oven through which the coated fabric or mat is moved to polymerize the resin and thereby form a thermoplastic polymer so that upon exiting the oven, the fabric or mat is fully impregnated with the thermoplastic polymer. During at least a portion of the process, humidity in the vicinity of the coated fabric or mat is maintained at substantially zero.

The present invention provides a pre-wet liquid having excellent resist-saving properties. In addition, a resist film forming method, a pattern forming method, and a kit, which are related to the pre-wet liquid, are also provided.

The pre-wet liquid according to the embodiment of the present invention has a surface tension of 29.0 mN/m or more, a viscosity of 1.8 cP or less, and a vapor pressure of 2.5 to 5.0 mmHg, in a case of consisting of a single solvent, the pre-wet liquid has an SP value of 25.0 MPa.sup.1/2 or less and does not have a benzene ring group, and in a case of consisting of a mixed solvent, the pre-wet liquid satisfies the requirement 1 or the requirement 2.

requirement 1: The mixed solvent is a mixed solvent consisting of only two or more kinds of organic solvents A, and the organic solvent A has an SP value of 25.0 MPa.sup.1/2 or less and a surface tension of 29.0 mN/m or more and does not have a benzene ring group.

requirement 2: The mixed solvent is a mixed solvent of an organic solvent A and an organic solvent B, and the organic solvent B has an SP value of 25.0 MPa.sup.1/2 or less and a surface tension of less than 29.0 mN/m.

In an example, a method of sealing a bond cavity is described. The method comprises placing an adhesive around a perimeter of a first structure to be joined to a second structure. The method also comprises positioning the first structure relative to the second structure such that the adhesive is disposed between the first structure and the second structure. The method also comprises merging the first structure and the second structure until the first structure and the second structure are separated by a desired gap for bonding. The method also comprises heating the perimeter to at least partially cure the adhesive to form a leak-proof bond cavity perimeter between the first structure and the second structure.

An apparatus and a method for coating substrates with washcoats in which a substrate (10) is engaged with a headset (6) of a substrate coating apparatus (1) below a washcoat showerhead (5) are disclosed. The washcoat is discharged from the washcoat showerhead (5) onto an upper surface (12) of the substrate under control of a valve assembly (4) before being drawn through the substrate by use of a vacuum generator (7). The valve assembly (4) comprises an outlet valve movable between a closed state and an open state. The valve assembly (4) creates a pressure drop within an interior of the washcoat showerhead (5) when the outlet valve moves from its open state to its closed state.