Provided is a utensil including a support having two opposite faces, at least one of which is provided with a sol-gel coating including at least one sol-gel layer that is present in the form of a continuous film of a sol-gel material including a matrix of at least one metal polyalkoxylate. Said utensil additionally includes a hybrid sol-gel coating including at least one screen-printed sol-gel layer completely or partially covering said sol-gel coating, said first hybrid sol-gel layer consisting of a hybrid sol-gel material including a matrix formed from a first hybrid sol-gel composition including at least one silicone resin and at least one silane and/or at least one metal alkoxide. Also provided is a process for producing such a utensil.

An object of the present invention is to provide a film forming method capable of forming a film by an aerosol deposition with high accuracy patterning. The object of the present invention is achieved by aerosolizing a raw material liquid including a film forming material; supplying the aerosol to a base material; and forming a film of the film forming material on the base material, in which the base material has, on a film forming surface, a liquid-repellent region which has liquid repellency to the raw material liquid and a lyophilic region which has lyophilicity to the raw material liquid, and in a case where a width of the liquid-repellent region is L and a diameter of the aerosol is D, D>L is satisfied.

A composition for film deposition that includes a first component and a second component, wherein the second component polymerizes with the first component to form a nitrogen-containing carbonyl compound, and wherein a molecular structure of the first component and a molecular structure of the second component are asymmetric with each other, is provided.

A mask material is readily discernible from a substrate to which the mask material is applied. The mask material may have a discernible characteristic, such as its color, luminescence or the like, which may render it visibly distinct from the substrate or detectable using automated inspection equipment. The discernible characteristic of the mask material may render it detectable through a protective coating.

A coating and developing method includes: a step that applies a resist containing a metal to a front surface of a substrate to form a resist film, and exposes the resist film; a developing step that supplies a developer to the front surface of the substrate to develop the resist film; and a step that forms, before the developing step, a first protective film on a peripheral part of the substrate on which the resist film is not formed, so as to prevent the developer from coming into contact with the peripheral part of the substrate, wherein the first protective film is formed at least on a peripheral end surface and a peripheral portion of a rear surface of the substrate in the peripheral part of the substrate.

A method for painting a work piece of plastic material. The method includes applying a first coating of an electrically conductive material to the work piece and electrically grounding the first coating. The method also includes electrostatically charging a paint to render the paint conductive for statically attracting the conductive paint toward the grounded first coating of the work piece. The method also includes overlying a mask of a non-conductive material over at least a portion of the first coating of the work piece and electrically insulating the mask. The work piece is then sprayed with the conductive paint to apply a layer of paint on the first coating with the mask preventing the conductive paint from being applied on the portions of the first coating of the work piece that are covered by the mask.

A process capable of commercial scale manufacturing of inexpensive, shaped film products includes placing a mask over a substrate; delivering a film-forming composition through a nozzle to form a raw shape on the substrate; removing the mask; and solidifying the film-forming composition to provide the shaped film product disposed on the substrate. The mask has a delivery surface and an opposite substrate-facing surface and at least one aperture having a design corresponding to the desired shaped film product. The nozzle is disposed in sealing engagement with the delivery surface of the mask to the at least one aperture of the mask during delivery of the film-forming composition.

A method for masking a predetermined surface section prior to application of spray foam material and a masking tool are provided. An end portion of the masking tool is rubbed over the predetermined surface section such that a thin layer of the paraffin wax material is deposited thereon. The masking tool comprises a body made of a solid paraffin wax material. The body has a predetermined shape for holding the same while rubbing an end portion of the masking tool over the predetermined surface section. The paraffin wax material has a predetermined consistency such that during rubbing a thin layer of the paraffin wax material adheres to the predetermined surface section.

A Fresnel optical element includes a Fresnel surface formed in a material. The Fresnel surface includes a plurality of Fresnel feature that include an active surface and a draft surface. A light absorptive layer is selectively disposed over the draft surface of the Fresnel features. The light absorptive surface is configured to absorb a majority of visible light encountering the light absorptive layer.

A display device according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention includes: a display panel; a window on the display panel; an active surface layer on the window; and a hard coating layer on the active surface layer and having a curved surface.