The present disclosure provides a solution composition having excellent acid corrosion resistance and adhesion to a steel sheet, a steel sheet surface-treated using the solution composition, and a method for manufacturing the steel sheet. Specifically, the present disclosure provides a solution composition for treating a surface of a steel sheet, the solution composition containing colloidal silica, alkoxy silane, a solvent, an acidity regulator, an acrylate-based monomer, an adhesion improver including a backbone formed of siloxane bonds, and a metal chelate curing agent, a steel sheet surface-treated using the solution composition, and a method for manufacturing the steel sheet.

A liquid repellent structure includes a surface to which liquid repellency is to be imparted, and a liquid repellent layer formed on the surface. In the structure: the liquid repellent layer contains a binder resin containing a fluorine-containing resin, and a filler dispersed in the binder resin; the filler contains a first filler having a BET specific surface area M of 100 m.sup.2/g to 400 m.sup.2/g; and the ratio M/F of the BET specific surface area M of the first filler to a mass F (mass %) of the fluorine-containing resin relative to the total mass of the liquid repellent layer is 4.1 to 20.0.

coating film having excellent adhesion, even without the presence of a chemical conversion film treatment out as an undercoat and a metal automotive part having the coating film.

A powder is deposited by powder-coating onto the surface of a metal automotive part that has been quenched after simultaneously forging, and tempering the metal automotive part and bake-hardening the deposited powder to form a skin film on the surface of the metal automotive part. The surface of the metal automotive part before the powder is powder-coated thereon is a work-hardened material surface that has been not been subjected to a chemical conversion filming treatment.

A vessel sealing device having a pair of electrodes that are maintained in spaced apart configuration when closed by non-uniform coating formed from a non-conductive material that has been applied to roughened electrodes so that the coating allows for the passage of a predetermined amount of radiofrequency (RF) energy between the electrodes. The coating has a predetermined thickness that spaces the electrodes apart while also having the predetermined non-uniformity that allows RF energy to pass between the electrodes when a vessel is trapped therein, thus desiccating the vessel positioned in the jaws. The electrodes may include a series of grooves in a herringbone pattern, with each electrode having the pattern oriented in the same direction or in opposite directions.

The shape-forming packaging material is a shape-forming packaging material including a heat resistant resin layer as an outer layer, a heat fusible resin layer as an inner layer, and a metal foil layer disposed between both the layers, and is configured such that a print improving resin layer is laminated on a further outer side of the heat resistant resin layer.

A zirconium nitride powder having a volume resistivity of 107 Ω.Math.cm or more in the state of the pressurized powder body hardened at a pressure of 5 MPa, and a particle size distribution D90 of 10 μm or less when ultrasonically dispersed for 5 minutes in a state of being diluted with water or an alcohol having a carbon number of which is in a range of 2 to 5. Also, the zirconium nitride powder is dispersed in an acrylic monomer or an epoxy monomer to prepare a monomer dispersion. Further, the zirconium nitride powder is dispersed in a dispersing medium as a black pigment and further a resin is mixed to prepare a black composition.

An oxidation protection system disposed on a substrate is provided, which may comprise a boron layer comprising a boron compound disposed on the substrate; a silicon layer comprising a silicon compound disposed on the boron layer; and at least one sealing layer comprising monoaluminum phosphate and phosphoric acid disposed on the silicon layer.

The disclosure provides a resin having unsaturated functionality effective for self-cross linking in compositions that are at least substantially free of external cross linkers and still achieve desired performance for internal and/or external food or beverage can coating applications. Unsaturation may be provided by reactants having a carbon-carbon double bond less reactive than a carbon-carbon double bond of maleic anhydride.

Provided is a method for forming a multilayer coating film including the following steps (1) to (4): (1) applying a base paint (X) to a substrate to form a base coating film; (2) applying a specific effect pigment dispersion (Y) to the base coating film formed in step (1) to form an effect coating film with a specific dry film thickness; (3) applying a clear paint (Z) to the effect coating film formed in step (2) to form a clear coating film; and (4) heating the uncured base coating film, the uncured effect coating film, and the uncured clear coating film formed in steps (1) to (3) to simultaneously cure these three coating films.

Example embodiments relate to a method of protecting a surface of an e-vaping device portion from corrosion, the method including preparing a coating mixture configured to protect the surface from corrosion, and coating the surface with a protective coating based on the coating mixture, wherein the coating is performed via one of electrodeposition, dipping, spraying, and vapor deposition, and the coating mixture includes at least one of a silane and a resin.