Provided herein is a method for pretreating aluminum materials, particularly aluminum wheels, wherein an aluminum material is successively i) cleaned and subsequently rinsed, ii) optionally subjected to alkaline pickling and subsequently rinsed, iii) optionally contacted with an aqueous composition comprising at least one mineral acid, iv) optionally rinsed and v) contacted with an acidic aqueous composition comprising a) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium and hafnium compounds and b) at least one linear terpolymer prepared by controlled radical polymerisation and comprising vinylphosphonic acid monomeric units, hydroxylethyl- and/or hydroxylpropyl-(meth)acrylate monomeric units and (meth)acrylic acid monomeric units, vi) optionally rinsed, vii) optionally contacted with another aqueous composition, viii) optionally rinsed and ix) optionally dried. Further provided herein is a corresponding composition as well as the use of the materials treated according to the method.

The invention relates to a method for producing a silane-modified silicate. In order to obtain optimal corrosion protection properties, a silane compound according to the invention is at least partially hydrolyzed and/or condensed in the presence of a silicate compound at a pH value greater than or equal to 8 and then a pH value less than or equal to 7 is set by adding acid. The invention further relates to an aqueous acidic passivation composition for metal substrate coated with the passivation composition.

The invention relates to a method for producing a silane-modified silicate. In order to obtain optimal corrosion protection properties, a silane compound according to the invention is at least partially hydrolyzed and/or condensed in the presence of a silicate compound at a pH value greater than or equal to 8 and then a pH value less than or equal to 7 is set by adding acid. The invention further relates to an aqueous acidic passivation composition for metal substrate coated with the passivation composition.

The present invention provides a method for printing and coating a flexible substrate web so as to attain a specified coefficient of friction on both sides of the substrate web which employs the use of controlled set-off of coated and/or printed material from the front side to the back side side of the web. Furthermore the method provides a substrate web produced therefrom and the method is useful for packaging substrate webs and, in particular, foil substrate webs.

The present invention provides a method for printing and coating a flexible substrate web so as to attain a specified coefficient of friction on both sides of the substrate web which employs the use of controlled set-off of coated and/or printed material from the front side to the back side side of the web. Furthermore the method provides a substrate web produced therefrom and the method is useful for packaging substrate webs and, in particular, foil substrate webs.

A method of forming a porous structure involves mixing a solvent with a curable material which disperses in the solvent such that the mixture has greater than 50% solvent content. The mixture is deposited on a substrate and viscosity of the mixture is increased. The curable material in the mixture is cured while a shape of the curable material is maintained by the solvent. After curing, the solvent is removed from the structure.

A liquid ejection head includes a substrate having an ejection opening through which a liquid is ejected, a recessed member having a wall defining a recess in which the substrate is disposed away from the wall with a gap therebetween, and a sealing member filling the gap. The sealing member includes a cured product of a composition containing a first polyol compound, an isocyanate compound having an isocyanate group, and a second polyol compound that is more reactive with the isocyanate group than the first polyol compound.

A liquid ejection head includes a substrate having an ejection opening through which a liquid is ejected, a recessed member having a wall defining a recess in which the substrate is disposed away from the wall with a gap therebetween, and a sealing member filling the gap. The sealing member includes a cured product of a composition containing a first polyol compound, an isocyanate compound having an isocyanate group, and a second polyol compound that is more reactive with the isocyanate group than the first polyol compound.

The present invention provides a heat exchanger which is imparted with high deodorizing properties in terms of cigarettes. A heat exchanger which has a hydrophilic coating film on the surface of a substrate that is formed from aluminum, and wherein the hydrophilic coating film is formed using a hydrophilizing agent that contains 0.8-1.8% by mass of a vanadium compound in terms of elemental vanadium, while containing 90% by mass or more of a resin which contains 38-40% by mass of a polyvinyl alcohol having an ethylene chain, 22-24% by mass of a radically polymerizable monomer having a carboxylic acid, 15-17% by mass of a radically polymerizable monomer represented by general formula and 22-24% by mass of a polyethylene glycol.

The present invention provides a heat exchanger which is imparted with high deodorizing properties in terms of cigarettes. A heat exchanger which has a hydrophilic coating film on the surface of a substrate that is formed from aluminum, and wherein the hydrophilic coating film is formed using a hydrophilizing agent that contains 0.8-1.8% by mass of a vanadium compound in terms of elemental vanadium, while containing 90% by mass or more of a resin which contains 38-40% by mass of a polyvinyl alcohol having an ethylene chain, 22-24% by mass of a radically polymerizable monomer having a carboxylic acid, 15-17% by mass of a radically polymerizable monomer represented by general formula and 22-24% by mass of a polyethylene glycol.