To provide a water/oil repellent article which presents little burden on the environment, while being excellent in water/oil repellency, washing durability of the water repellency and friction durability of the water repellency; a method for producing such a water/oil repellent article; and a water/oil repellent composition and a water/oil repellent kit to be used for producing such a water/oil repellent article. A water/oil repellent article that comprises a substrate and, as adhered to the surface of the substrate, a fluorinated polymer having structural units based on monomer (a) having a C.sub.1-6 perfluoroalkyl group, and a specific fluorinated ether compound; a method for producing the water/oil repellent article, which comprises letting the fluorinated polymer and fluorinated ether compound be adhered to the substrate; a water/oil repellent composition which comprises the fluorinated polymer and fluorinated ether compound; and a water/oil repellent kit which comprises a first container accommodating a first liquid containing the fluorinated polymer and a second container accommodating a second liquid containing the fluorinated ether compound.

The invention provides a structural base that includes a coating film on at least a portion of the surface thereof, the coating film having a difference between the maximum film thickness and the minimum film thickness of not more than 1000 . A method of the invention produces such structural bases. The coating film includes a copolymer including a repeating unit containing a group represented by formula (a), and a repeating unit containing a group represented by formula (b):

##STR00001##

wherein U.sup.a1, U.sup.a2, U.sup.b1, U.sup.b2, U.sup.b3 and An.sup. are as defined herein.

A coating composition for a food or beverage can that includes an emulsion polymerized latex polymer formed by combining an ethylenically unsaturated monomer component with an aqueous dispersion of a water-dispersible polymer.

A liquid polymeric coating composition that upon application to a substrate, such as a coil substrate, preferably does not exhibit the edge build and edge blistering that commonly occurs with conventional liquid polymeric coating compositions. In some embodiments, the liquid polymeric coating composition is modified by tailoring the surface tension, the openness of the coating composition as indicated by the modulus of elasticity, or a combination thereof to reduce edge build and edge blistering.

The present invention provides a multi-layer coating system comprising: (a) a first coating layer formed from a first coating composition; and (b) a second coating layer applied directly over at least a portion of the first coating layer and formed from a second coating composition. The present invention further provides a substrate coated with the multi-layer coating system.

The invention relates to a method for producing a barrier layer (13, 9) for coating the inner surface (12, 17) of a receptacle (10, 6) which is made at least in part of plastic and is used for holding products that are biocompatible for humans and/or animals; in said method, a solution is formed that contains at least one solvent, water, at least one organo-functional molecular precursor, and an acid as a catalyst, the complexed solution, which is undergoing hydrolysis and condensation, is applied to at least one portion of the inner surface of the receptacle, the applied solution is dried at a specific drying temperature below 100 C., and the receptacle is conveyed away and stored before being baked. The acid used is citric acid.

An aqueous coating composition for automotive exterior, the aqueous coating composition containing resin particles (A), a crosslinking agent (B), a pigment (C), and a nanocellulose (D). In the aqueous coating composition, a content of the nanocellulose (D) is 0.5 to 2.0 parts by mass in terms of solid content with respect to 100 parts by mass of a resin solid content in the coating, a solid content concentration of the coating composition is in a range from 45 to 65 mass %, and a viscosity of the coating composition measured by a Brookfield-type viscometer under measurement conditions of a temperature of 20? C. and a rotor rotation speed of 60 rpm is in a range from 350 to 1200 mPa.Math.s.

A device for coating semiconductor/semiconductor precursor particles on a flexible substrate and a preparation method of a semiconducting thin film, wherein the device includes: a container for a first and second solvent substantially immiscible; injection means for injecting a predetermined dispersion volume of at least one layered semiconductor particle material or its precursor(s), occurring at a liquid-liquid interface formed within the container and between the first and second solvent, and creating a particle film at the liquid-liquid interface; a first support means; substrate extracting means; substrate supply means; compression means, reducing a distance between particles and push the film onto the substrate, wherein the compression means includes several pushing means mounted on a drive device, wherein at least two of the several pushing means are at least partially submerged in the second solvent during drive device rotation, and moved through the second solvent toward the first support means.

Described herein is a method of using organic carboxylic acids having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in preparation of aqueous basecoat materials for the purpose of improving the adhesion of the aqueous basecoat materials to overbaked clearcoat materials. Also described herein is a method for producing a muilticoat paint system, where a basecoat material is applied directly to an overbaked clearcoat film.

An inkjet ink for an impermeable base material includes water, a resin-coated pigment in which at least a part of the pigment is coated with a crosslinked resin, a solvent A which is an alkanediol compound having a boiling point of 180? C. to 200? C., and a solvent B which is at least one of a monoalcohol compound having a boiling point of 70? C. to 160? C. or a glycol monoether compound having a boiling point of 70? C. to 160? C. An image recording method includes applying of the inkjet ink for an impermeable base material to record an image.