A method of manufacturing a coating is provided, which includes applying a primer paint on a substrate, wherein the primer paint includes 100 parts by weight of a first PVF, 30-70 parts by weight of an assistance resin, 5-30 parts by weight of a curing agent, 100-120 parts by weight of a first latent solvent, 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol, and water. The first latent solvent, 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol, and water have a weight ratio of 60:10-20:40-60. The method also applies a finish paint on the primer paint, wherein the finish paint includes 100 parts by weight of a second PVF, 100-120 parts by weight of a second latent solvent, 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol, and water, wherein the second latent solvent, 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol, and water have a weight ratio of 50:10-20:30-60. The primer paint and the finish paint are baked and dried to form a coating.

This invention provides a method for forming a multilayer coating film, comprising applying a base paint (X) having a solids content ratio of 30 to 62 mass % to a substrate to form a base coating film having a cured film thickness of 6 to 45 ?m; applying an effect pigment dispersion (Y) having a solids content ratio of 0.1 to 10 mass % to the base coating film to form an effect coating film having a cured film thickness of 0.1 to 5.0 ?m; applying a two-component clear paint (Z) containing a hydroxy-containing resin and a polyisocyanate compound to the effect coating film to form a clear coating film; and heating the base coating film, the effect coating film, and the clear coating film to simultaneously cure these coating films; wherein the base paint (X) contains a polyurethane resin (A), an alcohol (B) containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and an organic solvent (C) having an HLB of 7 to 9, and the effect pigment dispersion (Y) contains water, a flake-effect pigment (P), a resin emulsion (Q), and cellulose nanofibers (R).

This invention provides a method for forming a multilayer coating film, comprising applying a base paint (X) having a solids content ratio of 30 to 62 mass % to a substrate to form a base coating film having a cured film thickness of 6 to 45 ?m; applying an effect pigment dispersion (Y) having a solids content ratio of 0.1 to 10 mass % to the base coating film to form an effect coating film having a cured film thickness of 0.1 to 5.0 ?m; applying a two-component clear paint (Z) containing a hydroxy-containing resin and a polyisocyanate compound to the effect coating film to form a clear coating film; and heating the base coating film, the effect coating film, and the clear coating film to simultaneously cure these coating films; wherein the base paint (X) contains a polyurethane resin (A), an alcohol (B) containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and an organic solvent (C) having an HLB of 7 to 9, and the effect pigment dispersion (Y) contains water, a flake-effect pigment (P), a resin emulsion (Q), and cellulose nanofibers (R).

A coating composition for a food or beverage can that includes an emulsion polymerized latex polymer formed by combining an ethylenically unsaturated monomer component with an aqueous dispersion of a water-dispersible polymer.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a coating consisting of a cured surfacer coat and topcoat on a substrate, and also to a substrate coated by the method of the invention. The substrate preferably comprises the body or the cabin of a motor vehicle, or a constituent thereof. The method of the invention is suitable especially for producing coatings on automobiles and commercial vehicles, such as trucks, vans, or buses.

Provided is a coating composition containing: water; a water-soluble organic solvent that has a flash pint of at least 80 C. and not more than 200 C. and dissolves a fluorine resin; a fluorine resin; hydrophilic silica particles; and hydrophobic silica particles. The hydrophilic silica particles are preferably contained in the coating composition in an amount of at least 0.001 mass % and not more than 1 mass %. The average particle diameter of the hydrophilic silica particles is preferably at least 5 nm and not more than 30 nm.

A conductive coated composite body is disclosed which has both good adhesion of a conductive coating film to a base and excellent electrical conductivity of the conductive coating film at the same time even in cases where a glass base or a base having low heat resistance is used; and a method for producing this conductive coated composite body. A conductive coated composite body includes: a base; a resin layer that is formed on at least a part of the base; and a conductive coating film that is formed on at least a part of the resin layer. The conductive coating film is a sintered body of silver fine particles; the main component of the resin layer is a polyurethane resin having an elongation at break of 600% or more; and the polyurethane resin has one of the functional groups represented by COOH, COOR, COO.sup.NH.sup.+R.sub.2 and COO.sup.NH.sub.4.sup.+.

A method for producing a green body includes forming a layer which contains a powder of a ceramic on a substrate, applying at least one solidifying composition on at least a part of the layer, repeating forming the layer and applying at least one solidifying composition at least one time, removing the solvent or dispersing agent at least in part for forming a green body, and removing the powder which has not bonded and thereby exposing the green body. The solidifying composition contains a dissolved or liquid organometallic compound, which has at least one atom other than C, Si, H, O, or N bonded to at least one organic moiety, an organic binding agent, and a solvent or dispersing agent.

A coating composition for a food or beverage can that includes an emulsion polymerized latex polymer formed by combining an ethylenically unsaturated monomer component with an aqueous dispersion of a water-dispersible polymer.

A composition includes an acrylic polymer, an emulsifier, and water. The acrylic polymer includes monomer units of at least one alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate, wherein alkyl has at least 8 carbon atoms. Not more than one percent by weight of monomer units include a carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, or phosphonic acid, based on the total weight of monomer units in the acrylic polymer. The composition is an emulsion of the acrylic polymer in water. The composition is a spray adhesive composition and/or coagulates upon being subjected to shear forces. A process for making the composition and a method for making a bonded article using the composition are also described.