Examples include a device including a nanovoided polymer element having a first surface and a second surface, a first plurality of electrodes disposed on the first surface, a second plurality of electrodes disposed on the second surface, and a control circuit configured to apply an electrical potential between one or more of the first plurality of electrodes and one or more of the second plurality of electrodes to induce a physical deformation of the nanovoided polymer element.

Disclosed are silicon and carbon containing film forming compositions comprising a polycarbosilazane polymer or oligomer formulation that consists of silazane-bridged carbosilane monomers, the carbosilane containing at least two —SiH.sub.2— moieties, either as terminal groups (—SiH.sub.3R) or embedded in a carbosilane cyclic compound, wherein R is H, a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl- group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 linear, branched, or cyclic alkenyl- group, or combination thereof. Also disclosed are methods of forming a silicon and carbon containing film comprising forming a solution comprising a polycarbosilazane polymer or oligomer formulation and contacting the solution with the substrate via a spin-on coating, spray coating, dip coating, or slit coating technique to form the silicon and carbon containing film.

The present invention pertains to a method of manufacturing segregated layers above a substrate. The invention also pertains to methods of manufacturing a photoresist layer, photoresist patterns, a processed substrate and a device.

Provided is a coating composition from which a coating film having excellent decontamination properties, scratch resistance, and transparency can be formed. Specifically, provided is a coating composition containing a resin (A) having a hydroxyl group and an alkoxysilyl group, a curing agent (B), and an acrylic resin-coated silica particle (C) dispersion, wherein: the acrylic resin-coated silica particle (C) dispersion is a reaction product of silica particles with a polymerizable unsaturated group (c1) and a polymerizable unsaturated monomer mixture (c2); and the polymerizable unsaturated monomer mixture (c2) contains, as at least a part of components thereof, a polymerizable unsaturated monomer having a polysiloxane structure (c21) and an alkoxysilyl group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer (c22).

Provided is a coating composition from which a coating film having excellent decontamination properties, scratch resistance, and transparency can be formed. Specifically, provided is a coating composition containing a resin (A) having a hydroxyl group and an alkoxysilyl group, a curing agent (B), and an acrylic resin-coated silica particle (C) dispersion, wherein: the acrylic resin-coated silica particle (C) dispersion is a reaction product of silica particles with a polymerizable unsaturated group (c1) and a polymerizable unsaturated monomer mixture (c2); and the polymerizable unsaturated monomer mixture (c2) contains, as at least a part of components thereof, a polymerizable unsaturated monomer having a polysiloxane structure (c21) and an alkoxysilyl group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer (c22).

Steel sheet coating compositions in which polymeric resin or ceramic properties are produced by admixing an aluminum coordinate complex and an aluminum resin, a polysilazane as a source of silicon, an organic solvent, an organic synthesis catalyst, and optionally a non-metallic, non-ionic, low-nucleophilic base. The admixed coating is applied to sheet steel prior to hot-stamping in order to inhibit surface formation of iron oxides and to improve steel sheet surface characteristics.

Provided is a method of producing a fluorosilicone rubber laminate. The method comprises: (1) applying a primer composition onto a substrate, and forming a primer layer on a surface of the substrate; and (2) bringing a fluorosilicone rubber composition into contact with the primer layer, and adhering a fluorosilicone rubber to the primer layer. The fluorosilicone rubber composition comprises a platinum-based catalyst and/or a fluorosiloxane containing a silicon atom-bonded hydrogen atom. The primer composition comprises a platinum-based catalyst or a fluorosiloxane containing a silicon atom-bonded hydrogen atom, however the primer composition does not simultaneously comprise a platinum-based catalyst and a fluorosiloxane containing a silicon atom-bonded hydrogen atom. Either the primer composition or the fluorosilicone rubber composition comprises a platinum-based catalyst or a fluorosiloxane containing a silicon atom-bonded hydrogen atom. A laminate in which a fluorosilicone rubber layer and a base material are favorably adhered to each other can be obtained.

Provided is a method of producing a fluorosilicone rubber laminate. The method comprises: (1) applying a primer composition onto a substrate, and forming a primer layer on a surface of the substrate; and (2) bringing a fluorosilicone rubber composition into contact with the primer layer, and adhering a fluorosilicone rubber to the primer layer. The fluorosilicone rubber composition comprises a platinum-based catalyst and/or a fluorosiloxane containing a silicon atom-bonded hydrogen atom. The primer composition comprises a platinum-based catalyst or a fluorosiloxane containing a silicon atom-bonded hydrogen atom, however the primer composition does not simultaneously comprise a platinum-based catalyst and a fluorosiloxane containing a silicon atom-bonded hydrogen atom. Either the primer composition or the fluorosilicone rubber composition comprises a platinum-based catalyst or a fluorosiloxane containing a silicon atom-bonded hydrogen atom. A laminate in which a fluorosilicone rubber layer and a base material are favorably adhered to each other can be obtained.

The patent application discloses a degradable composite with coatings. The light metal workpiece with enhanced surface protection may comprise a light metal matrix having an exposed surface; a light metal oxide ceramic layer formed in at least a portion of the exposed surface; and a non-transparent metal alloy layer directly on the light metal oxide ceramic layer.

Provided is an antireflective member that has a water- and oil-repellent layer on a multi-layered antireflective layer and is capable of exhibiting excellent surface lubricity, water- and oil-repellent properties, and durability. The surface of the multi-layered antireflective layer on a base material has a root-mean-square surface roughness of 0.8 nm to 2.0 nm. The water- and oil-repellent layer has a thickness of 1 to 30 nm and is a cured product of water- and oil-repellents having as principal components a fluorooxyalkylene group-containing polymer modified organosilicon compound with the numerical average molecular weight of 4,500 to 10,000 of a fluoropolymer part and/or partial hydrolysis condensate thereof.