A method for forming a multilayer coating film, comprising the steps of applying a color paint (W) to a substrate to form a colored coating film; applying an effect pigment dispersion (X) to the colored coating film, wherein the effect pigment dispersion (X) contains an effect pigment (x2), and the content of the effect pigment (x2) in the effect pigment dispersion (X) is within a range of 15 to 80 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the total solids content in the effect pigment dispersion (X), to form an effect first base coating film; applying a transparent colored second base paint (Y) containing a color pigment (y2) to form a transparent colored second base coating film; and applying a clear paint (Z) to form a clear coating film, wherein the clear paint (Z) contains a hydroxy-containing acrylic resin (z1) and an aliphatic triisocyanate compound (z2-1) having a molecular weight within a range of 200 to 350.

To provide a powder coating material capable of forming a film excellent in metallic hue, concealing property and weather resistance. The powder coating material comprises the following fluororesin (A), the following resin (B) and the following pigment (C) as constituents thereof, wherein the content of the pigment (C) is from 0.7 to 23 mass %; Fluororesin (A): a fluororesin having a fluorine content of at least 10 mass %; Resin (B): a resin having a SP value larger than that of the fluororesin (A), and the difference between the SP value thereof and the SP value of the fluororesin (A) is at least 0.4 (J/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2; Pigment (C): a pigment which is a metallic pigment covered with a covering material, and the SP value of the covering material exceeds the SP value of the fluororesin (A) and less than the SP value of the resin (B).

A process for the production of a multi-layer composite comprising applying a coating layer from a pigmented coating composition A onto the back face of a transparent plastic film and then applying an NIR-opaque coating layer from a pigmented coating composition B, wherein the pigment content of coating composition A consists 50 to 100 wt. % of black pigment with low NIR absorption and 0 to 50 wt. % of further pigment, which is selected in such a way that coating layer A′ exhibits low NIR absorption and that the multi-layer composite exhibits a brightness L* of at most 10 units, wherein the pigment content of coating composition B is either a pigment content PC1 consisting 90 to 100 wt. % of aluminum flake pigment and 0 to 10 wt. % of further pigment, which is selected in such a way that NIR-opaque coating layer B′ exhibits low NIR absorption, or a pigment content PC2 comprising <90 wt. % of aluminum flake pigments and being composed in such a way that NIR-opaque coating layer B′ exhibits low NIR absorption, and wherein coating layers A′ and B′ are cured.

The present invention provides a coating composition which has excellent trickle resistance and forms a coating film that exhibits excellent gloss stability. A coating composition which contains a hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A), a polyisocyanate compound (B), a matting agent (C), an organic solvent (D1) and an organic solvent (D2), and which is characterized in that: the organic solvent (D1) has a boiling point within the range of 190-250° C. and a solubility parameter of from 9 to 11 (inclusive); the organic solvent (D2) has a boiling point within the range of 100-140° C. and a solubility parameter of 8 or more but less than 9; and with respect to the contents of the organic solvent (D1) and the organic solvent (D2) based on 100 parts by mass of the total solid content of the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A) and the polyisocyanate compound (B), the content of the organic solvent (D1) is within the range of 5-40 parts by mass and the content of the organic solvent (D2) is within the range of 35-75 parts by mass.

This invention relates to a multilayer coating film sequentially comprising, on a substrate, a colored coating film, an effect coating film, and a clear coating film, wherein the multilayer coating film has a lightness L*110 within a range of 60 to 90, the lightness L*110 being based on a spectral reflectance of light illuminated at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the coating surface and received at an angle of 110 degrees with respect to the specularly reflected light; a 60-degree specular gloss within a range of 105 to 180, a graininess HG within a range of 10 to 40; and a flip-flop value within a range of 1.0 to 1.8.

Golf balls having covers with decorative-effect coatings are provided. The golf balls are fashionable and decorative with unique appearances. In one embodiment, a golf ball comprising a core having at least one layer and cover having at least one layer is provided. The outer cover surface can have surface textured dimples and a decorative-effect first coating can be applied to this outer surface. A transparent second coating can be applied over the decorative-effect coating. In another embodiment, a semi-transparent metallic first coating overlies the outer cover surface and a decorative-effect second coating overlies the metallic coating.

Provided is a multilayer coating film comprising a colored base coating film and an effect base coating film formed on the colored base coating film, wherein the hue angle h in the L*C*h color space diagram is within the range of 30° to 70°, and when the following formulas hold: X=[(C*45).sup.2+(C*75) .sup.2].sup.1/2, and Y=[(L*15).sup.2+(C*15).sup.2].sup.1/2+[(L*25).sup.2+(C*25).sup.2].sup.1/2, X is 80 or more and Y is 140 or more; provided that C*15, C*25, C*45, and C*75 represent the chroma of the multilayer coating film when light is illuminated at an angle of 45 degrees and received at angles of 15 degrees, 25 degrees, 45 degrees, and 75 degrees deviated from the specular reflection light in the incident light direction, and L*15 and L*25 similarly represent the lightness of the multilayer coating film.

Provided is a multilayer coating film comprising a colored base coating film and an effect base coating film formed on the colored base coating film, wherein the hue angle h in the L*C*h color space diagram is within the range of 30° to 70°, and when the following formulas hold: X=[(C*45).sup.2+(C*75) .sup.2].sup.1/2, and Y=[(L*15).sup.2+(C*15).sup.2].sup.1/2+[(L*25).sup.2+(C*25).sup.2].sup.1/2, X is 80 or more and Y is 140 or more; provided that C*15, C*25, C*45, and C*75 represent the chroma of the multilayer coating film when light is illuminated at an angle of 45 degrees and received at angles of 15 degrees, 25 degrees, 45 degrees, and 75 degrees deviated from the specular reflection light in the incident light direction, and L*15 and L*25 similarly represent the lightness of the multilayer coating film.

In a method for coating motor vehicle wheel rims, a polymer priming layer, a polymer intermediate layer, a decorative layer of a heat-cured polymer layer with embedded flake-like metal pigments covering the visible surface of the decorative layer, and a polymer cover layer are consecutively applied to the wheel rim metal surface. The coated wheel rims achieve a polished metal appearance by producing the polymer intermediate layer with a high-gloss surface and applying the decorative layer to the high-gloss surface of the polymer intermediate layer in the wet spraying method with a layer thickness of max. 2 μm, where it is dried at ambient temperature and, before applying the polymer cover layer, it is fixed to the polymer intermediate layer via a thermal post-treatment so that it adheres to the surface thereof with a cross-cut pull-off strength of Gt=0 to Gt=2.

An object is to provide an aqueous coating material composition having high viscosity expression property as well as a viscosity property of decreasing viscosity with increase in shear velocity; in particular, to provide an aqueous coating material composition that can form a multilayer coating film having excellent smoothness, clarity, flip-flop property, adhesion, and water resistance; in addition, to provide a method for forming a multilayer coating film using such aqueous coating material composition, as well as a coated article that has been coated with such aqueous coating material composition. As a solution, an aqueous coating material composition is provided that contains a polyester resin (A), acrylic resin particles (B), a curing agent (C), and a coloring pigment (D), wherein the polyester resin (A) is a resin containing a trifunctional or higher polyfunctional polycarboxylic acid (a1) and a polyol (a2) as monomer components.