This invention pertains to a material composition and configuration of a smoking pipe that facilitates more thorough cleaning by means of thermal desorption. Additionally, the invention describes bowl geometry that simplifies the installation of replaceable smoking pipe screens. The ridge helps position and shape the screen during installation for complicated or unintuitive bowl shapes and screen orientations.

A method of manufacturing a display apparatus, the method includes removing an oxide layer formed on a surface of a substrate by utilizing a hydrofluoric acid gas and an ammonia gas, and thermally treating the substrate from which the oxide layer has been removed. A flow ratio between the hydrofluoric acid gas and the ammonia gas is about 0.8:1 to about 1:1.

Methods and apparatus for cleaning a showerhead are provided. For example, the methods includes moving a substrate support including a heater disposed therein from a substrate processing position a first distance away from the showerhead to a cleaning position a second distance away from the showerhead, wherein the second distance is less than the first distance; heating the showerhead using the heater disposed in the substrate support to a predetermined temperature; at least one of supplying at least one cleaning gas to the processing chamber to form a plasma or supplying the plasma from a remote plasma source; and providing a predetermined pressure within an inner volume of the processing chamber and maintaining the plasma within the inner volume of the processing chamber while heating the showerhead to the predetermined temperature.

A system for decontaminating personal protection equipment includes a microwave oven and a decontamination apparatus configured to be placed in and heated by the microwave oven. The decontamination apparatus includes a containment vessel having an interior space configured to be sealed. The decontamination apparatus also includes one or more stands within the interior space, where the one or more stands are configured to receive and hold one or more pieces of personal protection equipment to be heated by the microwave oven and decontaminated within the interior space. The decontamination apparatus further includes a pressure-relief valve configured to be opened to release a pressure within the interior space.

A method of separating excess resin from at least one object includes: (a) stereolithographically producing at least one object, each object having at least one retention feature (32) formed thereon, each object carrying excess resin on a surface thereof; then (b) mounting each object on at least one transfer frame (21), each transfer frame having at least one retention member (22) that mates with the retention feature; (c) connecting each transfer frame to a rotor with the at least one object carried thereon; (d) centrifugally separating excess resin from each object by spinning the rotor with each transfer frame connected thereto while the at least one object remains connected to each transfer frame by the retention feature; then (e) removing each transfer frame from the rotor, with excess resin separated from each at least one object thereon.

A heatable element is configured to apply sufficient energy density to contaminants in an internal ambient atmosphere with in a sealable housing to drive a reaction that inactivates the contaminants.

A substrate processing system comprising: a heat treatment chamber configured to sublimate by-products by heat; and a substrate carrier configured to load a substrate into the heat treatment chamber, the substrate carrier including a holder for holding the substrate, and a controller configured to control operations of the heat treatment chamber, the substrate carrier, and the holder, wherein the controller is programmed to control the sublimation to, (a) maintain a temperature of the holding unit at a level equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, while (b) inhibiting thermal damage to the substrate transfer mechanism excluding the holding unit.

According to one aspect, a vehicle includes a first compartment, a system, and a first sanitizing arrangement. The first compartment has a plurality of walls that define a space, and the system is configured to enable the vehicle to travel autonomously. The system includes a power system configured to provide power to the first compartment. The first sanitizing arrangement includes at least a first sanitizing component, the at least first sanitizing component being included in the first compartment, wherein the first sanitizing arrangement is configured to be activated to sanitize the plurality of walls and the space.

An electronic vaping device includes a power supply section, a heater assembly section, and a cartridge. The power supply section includes a power supply. The cartridge section includes a reservoir configured to store a pre-vapor formulation, and a wick in fluid communication with the pre-vapor formulation. The heater assembly section is connected to the power supply section and the cartridge. The heater assembly section includes at least one plate heater in physical contact with a portion of the wick. The at least one plate heater is selectively electrically connectable to the power supply.

An electronic cigarette includes a ceramic heating element having a current conducting heating member on and/or in a body of ceramic material which is impenetrable to the liquid; a liquid delivery member to deliver liquid from a liquid storage to the heating element; a battery; and an electric circuit for electrically connecting the heating element to the battery. The body of ceramic material is to contact or be in close proximity to the liquid delivery member, to vaporize the liquid when the ceramic heating element produces heat. The electronic cigarette further includes a cartomizer part, having the liquid storage and the liquid delivery member, and a battery holding part, having the battery, the ceramic heating element, and the electric circuit. In an assembled state, the cartomizer part and the battery holding part are assembled. In a disassembled state, the cartomizer part and the battery holding part are separated.