A cold rolling method, cold rolling equipment, and a cold-rolled steel sheet manufacturing method capable of preventing sheet breakage by sufficiently suppressing occurrence of an edge crack of a material to be rolled during cold rolling. In the cold rolling method, a rolling mill including a plurality of stands to cold-rolls a material to be rolled. An N-th stand (N is a natural number equal to or greater than 2) arranged in an N-th position from an upstream side of the material to be rolled in a transfer direction among the plurality of stands, includes a tapered work roll having a taper formed on an end portion of a roll having a uniform diameter. The N-th stand rolls the material to be rolled with a linear load of 0.8 t/mm or more.

This non-oriented electrical steel sheet contains a base material having a chemical composition including, in mass %, Si: 3.2 to 4.5%, wherein the tensile strength is 550 MPa or more, and a ratio (P.sub.120B/Fe.sub.700B).sub.B between a peak-to-peak height Fe.sub.700B of Fe at 700 eV and a peak-to-peak height P.sub.120B of P at 120 eV when crystal grain boundaries are measured through Auger electron spectroscopy is not more than twice a ratio (P.sub.120i/Fe.sub.700i).sub.i between a peak-to-peak height Fe.sub.700i of Fe at 700 eV and a peak-to-peak height P.sub.120i of P at 120 eV when the inside of crystals is measured through Auger electron spectroscopy.

A cold rolling mill rolling condition calculation method includes: an estimation step of estimating a rolling constraint condition with respect to a target steady rolling condition of a roll target material, by inputting second multi-dimensional data to a prediction model, the prediction model having been trained with explanatory variable and response variable, the explanatory variable being first multi-dimensional data generated based on non-steady rolling performance data, among past rolling performance in rolling a roll material by a cold rolling mill, and the response variable being steady rolling performance data and rolling constraint condition data during steady rolling, and the second multi-dimensional data having been generated based on non-steady rolling performance data of the roll target material; and a change step of changing the target steady rolling condition so that the estimated rolling constraint condition satisfies a predetermined condition.

Provided herein are novel aluminum alloy compositions and methods of making and processing the same. The alloys described herein can be used in bottle making applications and exhibit enhanced runnability, formability, and appearance. The methods of producing an aluminum alloy sheet described herein can include casting an aluminum alloy to form an ingot, homogenizing the ingot, hot rolling the ingot to produce a hot band, and cold rolling the hot band to an aluminum alloy sheet of final gauge.

A method for manufacturing parts is provided. The method includes cold rolling a substrate with work cylinders whose work surface has a roughness Ra.sub.2.5 of less than or equal to 3.6 m, depositing the metal coating on at least one face of the annealed substrate by electrodeposition to form the metal sheet and deforming the cut metal sheet to form the parts. The outer surface of the metal coating has a waviness Wa.sub.0.8 of less than or equal to 0.5 m after the deformation step. A part and vehicle are also provided.

A method for partial hardening of an austenitic steel by utilizing during cold deformation the TWIP (Twinning Induced Plasticity), TWIP/TRIP or TRIP (Transformation Induced Plasticity) hardening effect. Cold deformation is carried out by cold rolling at least one surface of the steel with forming degree () of 560% in order to achieve in the steel at least two consecutive areas with different mechanical values in thickness, yield strength (R.sub.p0.2), tensile strength (Rm) and elongation, having a ratio (r) between the ultimate load ratio (F) and the thickness ratio (t) of 1.0>r>2.0, and in which the areas are mechanically connected to each other by a transition area having a thickness that is variable from the thickness of the first area in the deformation direction to the thickness of the second area in the deformation direction.

Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet using an inhibitor-less technique, in which cold rolling includes final cold rolling with a total cold rolling reduction being set to 85% or more and a rolling reduction per pass being set to 32% or more. The final cold rolling includes one or more passes and a final pass succeeding the one or more passes and uses work rolls having a surface roughness Ra of 0.25 m or less in at least one of the one or more passes other than the final pass. According to this method, it is possible to stably manufacture a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet exhibiting excellent magnetic properties at low cost.

Provided are a high-strength steel sheet for containers and a method for producing the high-strength steel sheet. The high-strength steel sheet for containers has a composition containing, by mass, C: 0.0010% to 0.10%, Si: 0.04% or less, Mn: 0.10% to 0.80%, P: 0.007% to 0.100%, S: 0.10% or less, Al: 0.001% to 0.100%, N: 0.0010% to 0.0250%, and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities. The difference between the dislocation density at the uppermost layer of the high-strength steel sheet in the thickness direction and the dislocation density at a depth of of the thickness of the high-strength steel sheet from the surface is 1.9410.sup.14 m.sup.2 or less. The high-strength steel sheet has a tensile strength of 400 MPa or more and a fracture elongation of 10% or more.

A manufacturing method of a cold-rolled steel sheet in which the method uses a full-width heating device that heats a steel sheet over an entire area in a width direction of the steel sheet, an edge heating device that heats end portions in the width direction of the steel sheet, and a cold rolling mill that rolls the steel sheet and that is arranged on a downstream side in a rolling direction with respect to the full-width heating device and the edge heating device, the method includes: heating the steel sheet by using the full-width heating device and the edge heating device in such a manner that temperatures of the end portions in the width direction becomes higher than a temperature of a central portion in the width direction of the steel sheet on an entry side of the cold rolling mill.

A flat wire or a narrow strip has a profiled cross-section and is composed of a high-strength steel having the following composition (in weight-%): C 0.2-0.9%, Mn 12-25%, Si up to 0.5%, Al 0.5-2.0%, Cr 1.8-3.5%, S max. 0.005%, P max. 0.06%, N max. 0.1%, Mo max. 1.5%, B max. 0.01%, Ni max. 2.0%, Cu max. 2.0%, Ca max. 0.015%, Nb 0.02-0.35% and/or V 0.02-0.35%, and, as the remainder, iron and unavoidable, production-related contaminants. The wire or strip is cold-rolled and/or cold-profiled from wire-form precursor material, and has improved R.sub.p0.2, R.sub.m, and A80 mechanical values.