Soil conduits are constructed between tree pits in an urban environment. These soil conduits extend upward to the surface, are covered by grates, and are permeable to allow the seepage of water and nutrients to tree roots in the tree pits. The soil conduits include, from the surface moving downward, mulch, horticultural soil, a fabric barrier, and crushed stone. The horticultural soil is inoculated with mycorrhizal fungus that creates fungal networks between the roots of various trees, communicating water and nutrients between the roots of the connected trees. These fungal networks increase the health, carbon dioxide consumption and oxygen production of urban trees. Various planting schemes could be employed such as using trees and bushes to create a common mycorrhizal network (CMN) which is associated with arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM), using plants that associate with ectomycorrhizae (ECM), or using plants associated with both types of fungus networks.

A system for limiting the growth of creeper plants on an upright surface, including a voltage generator comprising a ground terminal and a voltage terminal, a conductive stopping element positioned on the upright surface and adapted to be connected to the voltage terminal thereby obtaining a growth limiting boundary for the creeper plants, and a grounding element positioned on the upright surface and adapted to be connected to the ground terminal, thereby providing a grounding of the upright surface. The grounding element is positioned such that the grounding element grounds the creeper plants by contact with the creeper plants within a distance of a hundred centimetres from the conductive stopping element.

Methods for predicting a yield of fruit growing in an agricultural plot are provided. At a first time, a first plurality of images of a canopy of the agricultural plot is obtained from an aerial view of the canopy of the agricultural plot. From the first plurality of images, a first number of detectable fruit is estimated. At a second time, a second plurality of images of the canopy of the agricultural plot is obtained from the aerial view of the canopy of the agricultural plot. From the second plurality of images, a second number of detectable fruit is estimated. Using at least the first number of detectable fruit and the second number of detectable fruit and agricultural plot information, predict the yield of fruit from the agricultural plot.

A method for cultivating a Tung tree seedling through hypocotyl grafting, includes selection of a sand storage time of a rootstock (Vernicia montana Lour.) seed, seedbed construction, scion collection, scion cutting, rootstock cutting, bandaging, transplantation and management, and the like.

Methods for predicting a yield of fruit growing in an agricultural plot are provided. At a first time, a first plurality of images of a canopy of the agricultural plot is obtained from an aerial view of the canopy of the agricultural plot. From the first plurality of images, a first number of detectable fruit is estimated. At a second time, a second plurality of images of the canopy of the agricultural plot is obtained from the aerial view of the canopy of the agricultural plot. From the second plurality of images, a second number of detectable fruit is estimated. Using at least the first number of detectable fruit and the second number of detectable fruit and agricultural plot information, predict the yield of fruit from the agricultural plot.

Disclosed is a method for overwintering and cold resistance of grapevines, the vines are covered with a biological solidification layer, and the method includes the following steps: placing stems of the vines in rows on a ground, and digging soil between the rows to cover the vines and stems in the rows to form a soil-covered layer; and a thickness of the soil-covered layer is such that a distance from the stems to a top of the soil-covered layer is 50-100 mm; and spraying biological solidification solution onto the soil-covered layer to form the biological solidification layer, where composition and concentration of the biological solidification solution are as follows: 0.5-2 g/L of bean flour, 0.2-1 g/L of xanthan gum, 0.2-1 g/L of cellulose, 0.5-2 g/L of urea and 0.5-2 g/L of calcium chloride. The method is safe, reliable, time-saving, and easy to operate for overwintering of vines.

Various embodiments relate generally to computer vision and automation to autonomously identify and deliver for application a treatment to an object among other objects, data science and data analysis, including machine learning, deep learning, and other disciplines of computer-based artificial intelligence to facilitate identification and treatment of objects, and robotics and mobility technologies to navigate a delivery system, more specifically, to an agricultural delivery system configured to identify and apply, for example, an agricultural treatment to an identified agricultural object. In some examples, a method may include identifying an agricultural object being associated with a subset of agricultural objects, identifying an action corresponding to a subset of agricultural objects responsive, selecting an emitter with which to perform an action associated with the agricultural object, configuring an agricultural projectile delivery system to activate an emitter to propel an agricultural projectile to intercept an agricultural object.

Some embodiments of the disclosure are directed to systems and methods to treat citrus greening. In some embodiments, one or more samples are taken from a location where citrus greening occurs or may occur. In some embodiments, native microorganisms are isolated and propagated. In some embodiments, the microorganisms include algae. In some embodiments, propagated native algae is returned to an area affected by citrus greening. In some embodiments, the returned propagated native algae is distributed to a concentration of 10 times or more of the original native algae concentration. In some embodiments, the distributed algae increase natural antibiotics and nutrients in the soil resulting in prevention of citrus greening.

Disclosed is a method for overwintering and cold resistance of grapevines, the vines are covered with a biological solidification layer, and the method includes the following steps: placing stems of the vines in rows on a ground, and digging soil between the rows to cover the vines and stems in the rows to form a soil-covered layer; and a thickness of the soil-covered layer is such that a distance from the stems to a top of the soil-covered layer is 50-100 mm; and spraying biological solidification solution onto the soil-covered layer to form the biological solidification layer, where composition and concentration of the biological solidification solution are as follows: 0.5-2 g/L of bean flour, 0.2-1 g/L of xanthan gum, 0.2-1 g/L of cellulose, 0.5-2 g/L of urea and 0.5-2 g/L of calcium chloride. The method is safe, reliable, time-saving, and easy to operate for overwintering of vines.

A device and method for introducing new vegetation into a forest floor includes seeds, seedlings, and/or saplings carried within a plurality of tapered shells having polygonal cross sections, possibly mixed with soil, sand, gravel, fertilizer, SAP granules, and/or water. The tapered shells are inserted into the ground through the hydrophobic layer by dropping or propelling them from an aircraft, or manually pressing on them. One or more holes proximate the bottoms of the tapered shells enable rain water and germinating roots to penetrate into soil beneath the hydrophobic layer. A perforated lid can prevent the seeds or seedlings from being ejected upon impact with the forest floor. A weighted tip can improve penetration of the tapered shells into the forest floor. A plurality of tapered shells can extend downward from a tray or frame. The tapered shell and/or perforated lid can be made from biodegradable materials.