A container can be used for growing a plant having roots. The container can comprise a rectangular sheet having an upper edge, a lower edge, a first side edge and a second side edge. The first side edge and the second side edge are joined forming a cylinder. The upper edge is configured to rest above a ground surface such that vertical root growth is substantially uninhibited by the container above the ground surface. An inward contoured lip can be formed into the lower edge. The rectangular sheet from the upper edge to the inward contoured lip constrains lateral growth of the roots of the plant above the ground surface while vertical root growth is completely uninhibited by the container below the inward contoured lip.

The embodiments disclose a method comprising creating 3D models of an orchard with multiple plants in the form of a densified point cloud using oblique aerial RGB imaging and photogrammetry, identifying and segmenting individual plants of the orchard from the 3D models, simulating sunlight radiation in the 3D models, determining a shading effect of branches and neighboring plants on each individual plant at any time of the day, determining canopy light interception of each plant, analyzing canopy geometry of each plant in the 3D models, forecasting potential yield of each plant based on the measured canopy light interception and calculating nitrogen and water requirements of each plant based on the potential yield and other predetermined field, environmental and climate factors and validating the yield forecasting model using the canopy light interception data by measuring the actual yield for each plant.

Disclosed herein is a system and methods for leaf detection and extraction. The extracted leaf may be used for leaf water potential analysis. In some embodiments, the method comprises identifying the leaf from a point cloud based on an image, determining a pose of the leaf based on the point cloud, and cutting and storing the leaf based on the pose of the leaf.

Applying sustainable approaches in the landscape of public and private projects in a desert region (arid or semi-arid regions such as Saudi Arabia) is crucial to preserve natural resources such as water. It is possible to design a desert public university campus to save 82% of water consumption while having a modern landscape. This modern landscape is more acceptable to the campus population than a traditional desert landscape. This is a sustainable native soft and solid landscape for usage in public and private spaces in arid and semi-arid regions. It supports the national and international direction towards transforming into green societies while saving natural resources, i.e., water. Decision-makers, landscape engineers, agriculture engineers, architects' engineers, and any interested person or specialist organization can design their own ideas landscapes following the soft and solid materials quantities and ratios herein with approximately 2.26 L/m.sup.2 water consumption rate.

An Internet-of-Things management and control system for an intelligent orchard includes a server, agricultural machinery equipment, an image acquisition apparatus disposed on the site, and various sensors. The agricultural machinery equipment, the image acquisition apparatus and the various sensors are in communication connection with the server. The server includes an orchard management subsystem and an information monitoring subsystem. The orchard management subsystem includes a fruit tree planting planning module, a task management module and various information management modules, and the information monitoring subsystem includes a meteorological environment monitoring module, a soil moisture monitoring module and a disease and pest monitoring module. According to the Internet-of-Things management and control system, all-round management for an orchard from planning to picking can be achieved.

A drink composition and food additive manufactured by the cultivation method of coffee tree by red ginseng, the method including supplying red ginseng powdered extract aqueous solution to coffee seeds; and adjusting moisture of soil planted with coffee seeds. The cultivation method of coffee tree by red ginseng powdered extract has an advantageous effect in that coffee beans can be harvested having, as active ingredient, ginsenoside of high internal absorption rate capable of preventing occurrences of infectious diseases and pests by increasing immunity levels of coffee trees without using chemical fertilizers at all, and by enhancing germination percent of coffee seeds and coffee bean crops. The method has another advantageous effect of providing a drink composition and a food additive containing, as active ingredient, a coffee bean extract including ginsenoside of high internal absorption rate.

This disclosure includes a method for pruning a fruit plant. An exemplary method step includes obtaining an image of the fruit plant that has branches. Next, creating exclusion zones surrounding the branches. Then pruning the fruit plant based upon the exclusion zones.

Methods for predicting a yield of fruit growing in an agricultural plot are provided. At a first time, a first plurality of images of a canopy of the agricultural plot is obtained from an aerial view of the canopy of the agricultural plot. From the first plurality of images, a first number of detectable fruit is estimated. At a second time, a second plurality of images of the canopy of the agricultural plot is obtained from the aerial view of the canopy of the agricultural plot. From the second plurality of images, a second number of detectable fruit is estimated. Using at least the first number of detectable fruit and the second number of detectable fruit and agricultural plot information, predict the yield of fruit from the agricultural plot.

A method for the production of vegetable flours, which includes the following steps: identifying a vegetable with specific and predefined nutritional properties of interest and selecting those best suited for the production of flours; performing a chemical, physical and pedological analysis of the soils intended for cultivation; selecting natural seeds most suitable for the soil parameters; performing checks on the vegetable species that grow after seeding; performing at least one plant protection treatment; and close to a harvesting period, performing iterated periodic spot checks of the vegetables. The method further includes the steps of at the samplings in order to evaluate the residual concentration of active plant protection ingredients lower than 0.01 mg/kg, performing the harvesting of the cultivated vegetables; performing a drying of the vegetables; and grinding at least one part of the dried vegetable until a flour is obtained with a particle size distribution.

The invention relates to the use of a compound of formula (I)

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or salts thereof
for controlling coffee rust, citrus black spot, citrus scab or banana black sigatoka disease, and to corresponding methods