A temperature calculation method includes: dividing a cross section perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of a steel plate to be hot-rolled into a plurality of rectangular elements; and calculating a temperature of each of the rectangular elements using a finite difference method. A first region 31 that includes an edge part of the cross section is divided such that a plurality of the rectangular elements are lined up in a plate-thickness direction and such that a plurality of the rectangular elements are lined up in a plate-width direction. A second region 32 that includes a center of the cross section and is wider than the first region 31 is divided such that a plurality of the rectangular elements are lined up in the plate-thickness direction but the second region 32 is not divided in the plate-width direction.

A method for determining the temperature of a metal strip (1) inside a cooling apparatus (4) of a hot rolling installation is implemented by an electronic device (12). This method includes acquiring a temperature measure of a strip portion at a current time instant; estimating, at the current time instant, a heat flux extracted from the strip portion inside the cooling apparatus according to a thermal model, and computing a strip portion temperature at a next time instant from the acquired temperature measure and the estimated extracted heat flux. The thermal model models an air cooling of the strip portion, a coolant header cooling of the strip portion by a coolant header and a remaining coolant cooling of the strip portion, wherein for the coolant header cooling the model models both an impingement cooling of the strip portion and a parallel flow cooling of the strip portion.

A method for determining the temperature of a metal strip (1) inside a cooling apparatus (4) of a hot rolling installation is implemented by an electronic device (12). This method includes acquiring a temperature measure of a strip portion at a current time instant; estimating, at the current time instant, a heat flux extracted from the strip portion inside the cooling apparatus according to a thermal model, and computing a strip portion temperature at a next time instant from the acquired temperature measure and the estimated extracted heat flux. The thermal model models an air cooling of the strip portion, a coolant header cooling of the strip portion by a coolant header and a remaining coolant cooling of the strip portion, wherein for the coolant header cooling the model models both an impingement cooling of the strip portion and a parallel flow cooling of the strip portion.

A device and a method for cooling metal strips or sheets conveyed on a conveyor line, in particular hot-rolled strips in the outlet of a rolling train. For these purposes, the device includes at least one cooling beam extending across the width of the conveyor line, and the cooling beam features a connection point to which a supply tube for cooling liquid can be connected, and a number of discharge openings arranged along a longitudinal axis of the cooling beam, such that cooling liquid can be discharged through the discharge openings in the direction of the metal strip or sheet that is to be cooled. Associated with each of the individual discharge openings is a respectively adjusted flow area, such that the flow areas of the respective discharge openings decrease in a direction leading away from the connecting point along the longitudinal axis of the cooling beam.

A device and a method for cooling metal strips or sheets conveyed on a conveyor line, in particular hot-rolled strips in the outlet of a rolling train. For these purposes, the device includes at least one cooling beam extending across the width of the conveyor line, and the cooling beam features a connection point to which a supply tube for cooling liquid can be connected, and a number of discharge openings arranged along a longitudinal axis of the cooling beam, such that cooling liquid can be discharged through the discharge openings in the direction of the metal strip or sheet that is to be cooled. Associated with each of the individual discharge openings is a respectively adjusted flow area, such that the flow areas of the respective discharge openings decrease in a direction leading away from the connecting point along the longitudinal axis of the cooling beam.

Systems and methods of quenching a metal substrate include cooling a top surface and a bottom surface of the metal substrate until a strip temperature is cooled to an intermediate temperature. Cooling of the top surface of the metal substrate is discontinued when the strip temperature reaches the intermediate temperature, and cooling of the bottom surface of the metal substrate continues until the metal substrate reaches a target temperature, where the target temperature is less than the intermediate temperature.

A rolling system includes an induction heater, temperature detectors, a finishing mill, and a power setting calculation device. The power setting calculation device generates a temperature distribution pattern in a plate thickness direction of a steel material at a temperature control position in an upstream side. The power setting calculation device calculates a volume average temperature of the steel material at a temperature control position in a downstream side, at a time when the steel material moves to the temperature control position in the downstream side from the temperature control position in the upstream side, based on the generated temperature distribution pattern. Then, the power setting calculation device calculates an electric power necessary for the induction heater so that the calculated volume average temperature follows a target temperature of the steel material at the temperature control position in the downstream side.

A rolling system includes an induction heater, temperature detectors, a finishing mill, and a power setting calculation device. The power setting calculation device generates a temperature distribution pattern in a plate thickness direction of a steel material at a temperature control position in an upstream side. The power setting calculation device calculates a volume average temperature of the steel material at a temperature control position in a downstream side, at a time when the steel material moves to the temperature control position in the downstream side from the temperature control position in the upstream side, based on the generated temperature distribution pattern. Then, the power setting calculation device calculates an electric power necessary for the induction heater so that the calculated volume average temperature follows a target temperature of the steel material at the temperature control position in the downstream side.

The present invention describes a method of dynamical adjustment for manufacturing a thermally treated steel sheet. The method includes: A. a control step, wherein at least one sensor detects a deviation happening during the thermal treatment, B. a calculation step performed when the deviation is detected during the thermal treatment such that a new thermal path TP.sub.target is determined to reach m.sub.target taking the deviation into account, such calculation step including: 1) a calculation substep, wherein at least two thermal path, TP.sub.x corresponding to one microstructure m.sub.x obtained at the end of TP.sub.x, are calculated based on TT and the microstructure m.sub.i of the steel sheet to reach m.sub.target, 2) a selection substep wherein one new thermal path TP.sub.target to reach m.sub.target is selected, TP.sub.target being chosen from said TP.sub.x and being selected such that m.sub.x is the closest to m.sub.target, C. a new thermal treatment step, wherein TP.sub.target is performed online on the steel sheet.

As sections of a rolled product (1) pass through a cooling path (2), they are initially cooled in a first cooling phase by front cooling devices (6). The sections are then not cooled in a subsequent second cooling phase. They are finally cooled again in a subsequent third cooling phase, by rear cooling devices (8) of the cooling path (2). A control device (10) of the cooling path receives in each case an initial energy value (EA) exhibited by the sections before they pass through the cooling path (2). The control device furthermore receives a target energy (E1*) and a target enthalpy (E2*). The control device (10) determines a first target cooling medium profile (K1*) on the basis of the initial energy value (EA) and the target energy (E1*). The control device controls the front cooling devices (6) in accordance with the first target cooling medium profile (K1*) while the respective section is passing through the front cooling devices (6). The control device (10) determines a second target cooling medium profile (K2) on the basis of an expected enthalpy for the respective section in the second cooling phase and the target enthalpy (E2*). The control device controls the rear cooling devices (8) in accordance with the second target cooling medium profile (K2*) while the respective section of the rolled product (1) is passing through the rear cooling devices (8).