A method and system for managing bearing plants so that their in-ground portions (e.g., root-zones) are clustered together to improve water-use effectiveness; and training their above-ground structures such that their above-ground structures have the wider spacing they require. It is applicable to plants (e.g., vine-like plants including wine grapes) whose trunks can be oriented at an angle other than vertical or which can be otherwise shaped so that their distal ends are not centered above their in-ground portions but rather are horizontally offset from the in-ground portions.

A composite orange tree having a fruiting cultivar scion grafted to a citrus-greening resistant, or a salinity-resistant rootstock, or a rootstock having both citrus-greening and salinity resistance, is described herein, as are methods of growing such a composite orange tree.

A composite orange tree having a fruiting cultivar scion grafted to a citrus-greening resistant, or a salinity-resistant rootstock, or a rootstock having both citrus-greening and salinity resistance, is described herein, as are methods of growing such a composite orange tree.

A removable netting system includes a netting tunnel adapted to be placed surrounding the fruit along a row of multiple vines without touching the fruit, thus protecting vine fruit from destruction by birds. The netting tunnel includes a pair of nets joined along top and bottom edges and rings which maintain the netting tunnel along the row of multiple vines.

A thorn extractor apparatus has a frame, a roller, a screen that surrounds the roller, and a collection bin for receiving the thorny seeds. The frame includes a first and second side member, frame couplers, and a plurality of horizontal beams. The roller and screen work together to pick up and convey the thorny seeds to the collection bin to be discarded. The thorn extractor apparatus may feature a plurality of rollers coupled to a plurality of screens. The thorn extractor apparatus may also feature a vacuum, a kickstand, added weights, and a hitch mechanism configured to be pulled by a vehicle. Two or more frames may be coupled together in sequence to multiply the number of rollers clearing the ground of thorny seeds. The thorn extractor apparatus, in some examples, may feature an automatic drive system or be couplable to a vehicle.

Systems, methods, and/or processes for agricultural parameter determination are provided. One or more can include or use processing circuitry configured to: manage one or more land parcels for agricultural parameter optimization (such as soil organic carbon optimization); and determine one or more agricultural parameters of at least a portion of one land parcel (such as an alleyway between commodity crops) during a first time period without sampling the portion of the one land parcel. Systems, methods, and/or processes for increasing soil organic carbon are also provided.

Systems, methods, and/or processes for agricultural parameter determination are provided. One or more can include or use processing circuitry configured to: manage one or more land parcels for agricultural parameter optimization (such as soil organic carbon optimization); and determine one or more agricultural parameters of at least a portion of one land parcel (such as an alleyway between commodity crops) during a first time period without sampling the portion of the one land parcel. Systems, methods, and/or processes for increasing soil organic carbon are also provided.

A composite orange tree having a fruiting cultivar scion grafted to a citrus-greening resistant, or a salinity-resistant rootstock, or a rootstock having both citrus-greening and salinity resistance, is described herein, as are methods of growing such a composite orange tree.

A composite orange tree having a fruiting cultivar scion grafted to a citrus-greening resistant, or a salinity-resistant rootstock, or a rootstock having both citrus-greening and salinity resistance, is described herein, as are methods of growing such a composite orange tree.

Movable apparatus (5) with automatic autonomous operation (AGV) slidable along pre-established paths (9) among rows of vineyard (10, 11), for the anti-bacterial, fungicide and anti-parasitic treatment in general of the same vineyards, and in particular of the leaves, the trees and the bunches of grapes, comprising a base structure (12) supported on to the ground by sliding by means of wheels (6) or tracks (7), comprising a plurality of ultraviolet lamps (53) with germicide function, which are supported by panels overlapped to each other (42-45), in a manner to direct the ultraviolet radiation against the component parts of the vineyards. There are described accurately all the component parts of the apparatus and the displacements of the apparatus and the different operative steps thereof, for performing the required anti-parasitic treatment in to all the vineyards, also in those in which the advancement paths of the apparatus are displaced and not communicating with other advancement paths for the same apparatus.