An apparatus and method for fastening dissimilar metals like steel and aluminum utilizes a steel rivet and a spot welding machine. The rivet and metals are stacked and the heat from the welder's electric current softens the lower melting point aluminum allowing the rivet to penetrate the aluminum and weld to the steel layer. The fastener may be used to join stacks with several layers of different materials and may be used to apply a threaded socket or stud made from steel or titanium to an aluminum or magnesium alloy structure. Layers of non-conductive materials like plastic and ceramics may also be affixed to a conductive layer using the fastener made from a compatible material that extends through a pilot hole.

The present disclosure relates to a system for manufacturing a hybrid component including a first thermal supplier configured to heat a steel plate, a rolling roll for undercut configured to pressurize the steel plate heated by the first thermal supplier, and to form an undercut on one surface of the steel plate, a first molding roll configured to pressurize the steel plate formed with the undercut to mold the steel plate in a shape of a component to be manufactured, a composite material feeder configured to supply a composite material tape to be seated on one surface of the steel plate formed with the undercut through the first molding roll, and a composite material pressurization roll configured to pressurize the steel plate on which the composite material tape is seated.

An outer panel of a different-material panel structure has a hem part in which a peripheral edge part of an inner panel is held via a resin layer on a folded part formed in the peripheral edge part. A rivet has a shaft part passing through the outer panel, and a rivet shaft recess is formed in the tip of the shaft part. An inner protrusion is provided in the inner panel, and the inner protrusion is disposed in the rivet shaft recess. A fused nugget is formed in the location where the rivet shaft recess and the tip of the inner protrusion come into contact, and a first heat-insulating part including at least the resin layer is formed in the gap formed with the resin layer in between the inner protrusion and the outer panel.

Surfaces 1, 2 are bonded together by a heat activated adhesive 3 that is applied to a surface 2 to cover an area greater than the area that is to form the bond, the two surfaces 1, 2 are brought together and the adhesive 3 activated so that it creates the bond and also covers the exposed edges of the surfaces to provide an aesthetically pleasing and coatable corrosion and rust protective layer.

A method of making a cold plate includes stacking three aluminum sheets on top of each other while each of the three aluminum sheets is generally flat. An edge of the three aluminum sheets are secured together. A top one of the aluminum sheets is welded to a middle one of the aluminum sheets at a plurality of first locations and a bottom one of the aluminum sheets is welded to the middle one of the aluminum sheets at a plurality of second locations different than the plurality of first locations. A pressurized medium is supplied between the top one of the aluminum sheets and the bottom one of the aluminum sheets to separate the top one of the aluminum sheets from the bottom one of the aluminum sheets and deform the middle one of the aluminum sheets.

A method of manufacturing an operating beam of a sunshade assembly having a variable height while controlling the width in manufacturing is provided. An operating beam manufactured as such and the use of said operating beam in a vehicle are also provided.

A fold forming tool has a main body with a longitudinal axis and an active surface which is configured to fold over a flange, bent over from a metal sheet, onto the metal sheet by way of movement of the fold forming tool in the direction of the longitudinal axis along the flange in a working direction. The active surface extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the main body and is formed as a helical surface which is produced by way of a straight line being wound around a straight or curved helical axis, wherein the straight-line intersects the helical axis at an acute angle, as viewed in the working direction.