A method of forming a carrier ring on a metal article having an open end and a sidewall extending therefrom. The method includes contacting an inner surface of the sidewall with an inner roller to form a protrusion and contacting an outer surface of the sidewall with an outer roller to form a first groove positioned below the protrusion. The protrusion forms a gap therein. The method further includes contacting a portion of the outer sidewall with at least one second outer roller to form a second groove below the protrusion. The method further includes contacting a portion of the outer sidewall with at least one third outer roller to flatten the protrusion, such that the gap is substantially reduced or eliminated. The flattened protrusion forms the carrier ring.

A method of forming a carrier ring on a metal article having an open end and a sidewall extending therefrom. The method includes contacting an inner surface of the sidewall with an inner roller to form a protrusion and contacting an outer surface of the sidewall with an outer roller to form a first groove positioned below the protrusion. The protrusion forms a gap therein. The method further includes contacting a portion of the outer sidewall with at least one second outer roller to form a second groove below the protrusion. The method further includes contacting a portion of the outer sidewall with at least one third outer roller to flatten the protrusion, such that the gap is substantially reduced or eliminated. The flattened protrusion forms the carrier ring.

A two-section assembly chamber includes a section S1 (11) and a section S2 (12), whose shapes are selected between cylindrical, where section S1 (11) has a diameter larger than the section S2 (12), and in the shape of a conical frustum, where sections S1 (11) and S2 (12) form a conical frustum, where the conical frustum begins at S1 (11) with the wider part and ends at S2 (12) with the narrower part, both sections S1 (11) and S2 (12) are joined or welded together, and are removable, each having respective caps (21, 22), wherein the assembly chamber has at least one perforation for introducing a pressurized fluid. The assembly chamber is configured so that a tube (30) or a second chamber, which has a larger diameter than the section S2 (12), is assembled within the inner diameter of the section S2 (12).

Provided is a process of making an aluminum bottle, the process including: obtaining sheet aluminum, the sheet aluminum having a difference between ultimate tensile strength and yield strength between 3.31 thousand pounds per square inch (ksi) and 8.0 ksi, and the sheet aluminum having a yield strength between 33.1 ksi and 42 ksi; cutting a blank from the sheet aluminum; plastically deforming the blank into a cup with three or fewer drawing steps; and necking the cup to form an aluminum bottle with a neck.

Provided is a process of making an aluminum bottle, the process including: obtaining sheet aluminum, the sheet aluminum having a difference between ultimate tensile strength and yield strength between 3.31 thousand pounds per square inch (ksi) and 8.0 ksi, and the sheet aluminum having a yield strength between 33.1 ksi and 42 ksi; cutting a blank from the sheet aluminum; plastically deforming the blank into a cup with three or fewer drawing steps; and necking the cup to form an aluminum bottle with a neck.

Disclosed are a stamping method and a deep-drawing die for an aluminum alloy liner of a large-volume hydrogen storage cylinder, which solve that technical problem of low production efficiency of processing the aluminum alloy liner of the large-volume hydrogen storage cylinder by adopting strong spin and thinning of an aluminum tube in the prior art. The stamping method includes heating and stamping an aluminum ingot into a cup-shaped rough blank, then cold deep drawing the cup-shaped rough blank for thinning and lengthening into an aluminium alloy liner, and the deep-drawing die includes terrace die and thinning dies.

Disclosed is a method for retaining an outsert on a neck. The method includes providing a neck with a sidewall for a metal body. The method further includes forming an outward curl in the metal sidewall. The method further includes sliding a plastic outsert down onto the neck. The plastic outsert has a first inner diameter at a first end that is smaller than a diameter of the neck encompassing the outward curl. The outward curl is configured to flex as the plastic outsert slides down onto the neck to accommodate the first end of the plastic outsert passing over the outward curl. The method further includes retaining the plastic outsert on the neck between a first interference fit at a first interface of the metal sidewall and the plastic outsert and at a second interference fit between a top edge of the plastic outsert and the outward curl.

Disclosed is a method for retaining an outsert on a neck. The method includes providing a neck with a sidewall for a metal body. The method further includes forming an outward curl in the metal sidewall. The method further includes sliding a plastic outsert down onto the neck. The plastic outsert has a first inner diameter at a first end that is smaller than a diameter of the neck encompassing the outward curl. The outward curl is configured to flex as the plastic outsert slides down onto the neck to accommodate the first end of the plastic outsert passing over the outward curl. The method further includes retaining the plastic outsert on the neck between a first interference fit at a first interface of the metal sidewall and the plastic outsert and at a second interference fit between a top edge of the plastic outsert and the outward curl.

The method comprises the following steps: providing a semi-finished product (11); hot forging by upsetting the semi-finished product (11) to form a blank (13) with a developed surface greater than that of the semi-finished product (11) and less than the developed surface of the wall (3) of the dome; hot forming of the blank (13) to create a preform (15) having a developed surface less than or equal to the developed surface of the wall (3), the preform (15) comprising at least two consecutive portions (19, 21) extending radially in the continuation of one another away from the central axis (A-A), such that for all the portions (19, 21), the average thicknesses and/or convexities of two consecutive portions (19, 21) are distinct; hot deformation of the preform (15) under a press between a die and a punch to form the wall (3).

The method comprises the following steps: providing a semi-finished product (11); hot forging by upsetting the semi-finished product (11) to form a blank (13) with a developed surface greater than that of the semi-finished product (11) and less than the developed surface of the wall (3) of the dome; hot forming of the blank (13) to create a preform (15) having a developed surface less than or equal to the developed surface of the wall (3), the preform (15) comprising at least two consecutive portions (19, 21) extending radially in the continuation of one another away from the central axis (A-A), such that for all the portions (19, 21), the average thicknesses and/or convexities of two consecutive portions (19, 21) are distinct; hot deformation of the preform (15) under a press between a die and a punch to form the wall (3).