A copper alloy material has a composition including: 0.1 mass % or more and 1.5 mass % or less of Cr; 0.05 mass % or more and 0.25 mass % or less of Zr; 0.005 mass % or more and 0.10 mass % or less of P; and a Cu balance including inevitable impurities. The copper alloy material includes a CrZrP compound containing Cr, Zr and P and an area ratio of the CrZrP compound is in a range of 0.5% or more and 5.0% or less in a structure observation, and the CrZrP compound is in a form of a needle shape or a granular shape and a length a longest side of the needle shape or the granular shape is 100 m or less.

A mold construction system is presented for use in additive manufacturing of a metal object. The system comprises: at least one mold provision device controllably operable to form one or more mold regions defining one or more respective object regions in a production layer, and configured to receive molten metal deposited to each object region; and a control system operating said at least one mold provision device in accordance with a predetermined building plan. The mold provision device is controllably operable, in accordance with said predetermined building plan, to create each mold region, in each production layer, with one or more metal-facing zones and one or more metal-nonadjacent zones around the metal-facing zone. Each metal-facing zone is configured to define a cavity forming the object region to receive the molten metal therein, and is configured with higher compressibility relatively to at least a sub-zone of the metal-nonadjacent zone.

A high pressure casting die is disclosed. The high pressure casting die may include a die half that defines a recessed area and a build plate that may nest within the recessed area of the die half. The high pressure die casting may further include an additive section that is disposed on the build plate. The additive section may include a plurality of metallic powder layers, the thermal conductivity or the thermal expansion coefficient of the build plate and the additive section may be within 10% of each other.

The mold steel according to the present invention contains 0.35<C<0.55 mass %, 0.003Si<0.300 mass %, 0.30<Mn<1.50 mass %, 2.00Cr<3.50 mass %, 0.003Cu<1.200 mass %, 0.003Ni<1.380 mass %, 0.50<Mo<3.29 mass %, 0.55<V<1.13 mass %, and 0.0002N<0.1200 mass %, with a balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and satisfies 0.55<Cu+Ni+Mo<3.29 mass %, and the molding tool according to the present invention contains a mold and/or a mold component formed of the mold steel.

A method of treating a surface of a mold. The method includes forming dimples on a surface of a mold by ejecting substantially spherical ejection-particles so as to bombard the surface of the mold. The dimples are formed so as to satisfy a condition defined by the following formula:

1+3.3e.sup.H/230W3+13.4e.sup.H/1060

wherein W is an equivalent diameter (m) of the dimples and H is a base metal hardness (Hv) of the mold.

Provided are a method for preparing a microfluidic device, a microfluidic device and a microfluidic system. The method includes: providing a mold having a groove; injecting a liquid metal into the groove of the mold, and solidifying the liquid metal to obtain a solid metal; separating the solid metal from the mold; providing the solid metal with an electrode; providing a cladding layer on a surface of the solid metal provided with the electrode, such that the solid metal is wrapped by the cladding layer, and at least a part of the electrode extends outside the cladding layer, so as to obtain a preform; and fixing the preform in a substrate, melting the solid metal and extending at least a part of the electrode outside the substrate, to obtain the microfluidic device.

Modular tubing apparatuses for use in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger are described. Multiple apparatuses may be connected in series to form a high density, small tube diameter, long length tube apparatus assembly. Casting molds for forming modular tubing apparatuses are likewise described, including methods for casting and electrochemically machining such apparatuses.

The present disclosure relates to an aluminum alloy for die casting, more particularly, to an aluminum alloy for die casting which has high corrosion resistance, strength and castability.

The embodiments of the present disclosure provide an aluminum alloy for die casting comprising a composition ratio having an aluminum (Al) content which occupies almost the composition ratio of the aluminum alloy; a magnesium (Mg) content of 2.53.0%; a silicon (Si) content of 9.60.5%; a zinc (Zn) content of 0.5% or less; and a copper (Cu) content of 0.15% or less.

A low-carbon emission casting and a mold thereof, and equipment comprising the low-carbon emission casting are provided. The low-carbon emission casting includes a casting main body, a plurality of embedded parts, and a connecting portion. The casting main body is formed by casting and solidification at room temperature. The plurality of embedded parts are embedded in the casting main body. The connecting portion is disposed on at least one surface of the casting main body. The mold of the low-carbon emission casting includes a mold bottom portion, a plurality of mold side portions, and at least one supporting member. The equipment comprising the low-carbon emission casting includes the low-carbon emission casting and a machining device. The machining device is connected to the low-carbon emission casting.

Proposed are a method of manufacturing a metal product that uses an anodic aluminum oxide film and a patternable material together, in which a space where the metal product is manufactured is formed by the patternable material and the anodic aluminum oxide film provides structural support to the patternable material; and a mold using an anodic aluminum oxide film used therefor.