Provided is a sliding material including a substrate; and a copper alloy layer bonded to the substrate. The copper alloy includes 2.0 to 15.0% by mass of tin. The copper alloy layer includes a sliding body part including a sliding surface, and a gradient region including a bond surface with the substrate. A tin concentration in the gradient region reduces from the sliding body part toward the bond surface. A method for producing the siding material is also provided. The method includes preparing the substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface; melting the copper alloy; casting the molten copper alloy on the first surface of the substrate; and solidifying the copper alloy unidirectionally by cooling the substrate from the second surface by a coolant.

Herein disclosed is a centrifugally cast pole having a substantially uniform wall thickness along the long axis of the pole. During centrifugal casting, molten metal is poured inside a rotating, tapered mold. As chilled liquid is poured over the outside of the rotating mold, the metal forms, or paints, to the contour of the mold interior creating a metal pole. By precisely controlling casting gyrations such as the spin, travel, pitch, and yaw of the rotating mold and the calibration and physical mechanisms of the casting machine, hollow, tapered, tubular metal poles are produced with previously unknown uniformity of wall thickness. The controlling principles, designs, and mechanisms of this centrifugal casting method enable wall uniformity to extremely high tolerances. By extension, the ability to precisely control the metal volume painted inside the mold allows, as a design choice, wall thickness variation in any embodiment if so desired.

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus to cast tubes of sluggish material and a process thereof. The apparatus comprises at least one cylindrical casting mold, heating means, at least one set of rollers, a driving member, at least one tank, a spray nozzle, at least one tundish, a reinforced snout, cooling means and a drive control unit. The mold is configured to receive the molten sluggish material therein. The rollers are configured to abut an operative outer surface of the casting mold. The driving member is configured to spin the casting mold in an operative configuration of the apparatus to cast the tube of a predetermined inner diameter (ID), outer diameter (OD) and a predetermined length. Since, the addition of fluidity enhancer increases the fluidity of the molten sluggish material inside the mold, advantageously the smaller diameter of the tubes are easily produced by this process.

Methods for producing a rotationally symmetrical, hollow metallic workpiece may involve rotating a casting mould about a rotation axis and introducing a melt into the casting mould. The melt may be thrown towards an inner contour of the casting mould by centrifugal forces, and hollow bodies may be added to the melt. Furthermore, a device for producing a rotationally symmetrical, hollow metallic workpiece may include a casting mould that is rotatable about a rotation axis, a feeder device for introducing a melt into the casting mould such that the melt is thrown towards an inner contour of the casting mould by the effect of a centrifugal force, and a metering device for adding hollow bodies to the melt.

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus to cast tubes of sluggish material and a process thereof. The apparatus comprises at least one cylindrical casting mold, heating means, at least one set of rollers, a driving member, at least one tank, a spray nozzle, at least one tundish, a reinforced snout, cooling means and a drive control unit. The mold is configured to receive the molten sluggish material therein. The rollers are configured to abut an operative outer surface of the casting mold. The driving member is configured to spin the casting mold in an operative configuration of the apparatus to cast the tube of a predetermined inner diameter (ID), outer diameter (OD) and a predetermined length. Since, the addition of fluidity enhancer increases the fluidity of the molten sluggish material inside the mold, advantageously the smaller diameter of the tubes are easily produced by this process.

A centrifugal casting device casts a cast product by pouring molten metal into a mold while rotating the mold, and includes: a control unit for controlling the rotational speed of the mold; and a determination unit for determining whether or not the head position of the molten metal flowing in the direction of a rotation axis of the mold has reached a predetermined position. The control unit rotates the mold at a first rotational speed, and rotates the mold at a second rotational speed in a case where the determination unit determines that the head position has reached the predetermined position.