According to the present disclosure, there is provided a method for smoothing a surface of an additively manufactured metal part. The method comprises applying a chemical to a stepped surface of an additively manufactured part to at least soften a binder material supporting unprocessed powder particles of the part and allowing the powder particles at the surface to flow under the influence of gravity into recesses defined by the stepped surface to thereby reduce a roughness of the surface. Advantageously, it has been found that the afore-described method is able to provide a part having an improved surface smoothness.

Disclosed is a TiN-based sintered body and a cutting tool made of the TiN-based sintered body, which has 70 to 94 area % of a TiN phase, 1 to 25 area % of a Mo.sub.2C phase, and a remainder including a binder phase. The binder phase contains Fe and Ni whose total area ratio is 5 to 15 area %, and an amount of Ni to a total amount of Fe and Ni is 15 to 35 mass %. When an X-ray diffraction profile is measured in the cross section of the TiN-based sintered body, the diffraction peaks of TiN, Mo.sub.2C and Fe—Ni having an fcc structure are present, but the diffraction peaks of Fe—Ni having a bcc structure, a Fe.sub.3Mo.sub.3C phase, and a Fe.sub.3Mo.sub.3N phase are absent. The lattice constant of the TiN is 4.235 to 4.245 Å, and that of the Fe—Ni having an fcc structure is 3.58 to 3.62 Å.

Disclosed is a TiN-based sintered body and a cutting tool made of the TiN-based sintered body, which has 70 to 94 area % of a TiN phase, 1 to 25 area % of a Mo.sub.2C phase, and a remainder including a binder phase. The binder phase contains Fe and Ni whose total area ratio is 5 to 15 area %, and an amount of Ni to a total amount of Fe and Ni is 15 to 35 mass %. When an X-ray diffraction profile is measured in the cross section of the TiN-based sintered body, the diffraction peaks of TiN, Mo.sub.2C and Fe—Ni having an fcc structure are present, but the diffraction peaks of Fe—Ni having a bcc structure, a Fe.sub.3Mo.sub.3C phase, and a Fe.sub.3Mo.sub.3N phase are absent. The lattice constant of the TiN is 4.235 to 4.245 Å, and that of the Fe—Ni having an fcc structure is 3.58 to 3.62 Å.

A method of three-dimensional printing of target material can include filling a receptacle with a matrix suspension comprising a powder matrix suspended in a first liquid. A second suspension can be extruded into the matrix suspension, where the second suspension can include a target powder suspended in a second liquid.

A method of three-dimensional printing of target material can include filling a receptacle with a matrix suspension comprising a powder matrix suspended in a first liquid. A second suspension can be extruded into the matrix suspension, where the second suspension can include a target powder suspended in a second liquid.

A permanent magnet 2 includes Nd, Fe, and B, the permanent magnet 2 contains a plurality of main phase grains; and grain boundaries positioned between the main phase grains, the main phase grains include Nd, Fe, and B, at least a portion of the grain boundaries contains an R′—O—C phase, the R′—O—C phase includes a rare earth element R′, O, and C, the concentration of each of R′, O, and C in the R′—O—C phase is higher compared to the main phase grains, the permanent magnet 2 comprises a surface layer portion 21 and a central portion 22, the surface layer portion 21 is positioned on the surface side of the permanent magnet 2, the central portion 22 is positioned on the inner side of the permanent magnet 2, the proportion of the area of the R′—O—C phase occupying in a cross-section of the surface layer portion 21 is S1 %, the proportion of the area of the R′—O—C phase occupying in a cross-section of the central portion 22 is S2%, and S1 is higher than S2.

A permanent magnet 2 includes Nd, Fe, and B, the permanent magnet 2 contains a plurality of main phase grains; and grain boundaries positioned between the main phase grains, the main phase grains include Nd, Fe, and B, at least a portion of the grain boundaries contains an R′—O—C phase, the R′—O—C phase includes a rare earth element R′, O, and C, the concentration of each of R′, O, and C in the R′—O—C phase is higher compared to the main phase grains, the permanent magnet 2 comprises a surface layer portion 21 and a central portion 22, the surface layer portion 21 is positioned on the surface side of the permanent magnet 2, the central portion 22 is positioned on the inner side of the permanent magnet 2, the proportion of the area of the R′—O—C phase occupying in a cross-section of the surface layer portion 21 is S1 %, the proportion of the area of the R′—O—C phase occupying in a cross-section of the central portion 22 is S2%, and S1 is higher than S2.

A method of manufacturing a coil component includes providing an intermediate body including a conductor portion formed by bending a base material mainly composed of a metal having a lower ionization tendency than iron and a substrate body containing metal magnetic particles mainly composed of iron and surrounding at least part of the conductor portion, heating the intermediate body at a first temperature to form an oxide film containing an oxide of the metal that covers a surface of the conductor portion, and after the heating at the first temperature, heating the intermediate body at a higher second temperature to form an oxide coating film containing iron oxide on a surface of each metal magnetic particles so that the substrate body is formed into a magnetic base body, to form the oxide film into an insulating oxide layer containing iron oxide and the metal, and to anneal the conductor portion.

A method of manufacturing a coil component includes providing an intermediate body including a conductor portion formed by bending a base material mainly composed of a metal having a lower ionization tendency than iron and a substrate body containing metal magnetic particles mainly composed of iron and surrounding at least part of the conductor portion, heating the intermediate body at a first temperature to form an oxide film containing an oxide of the metal that covers a surface of the conductor portion, and after the heating at the first temperature, heating the intermediate body at a higher second temperature to form an oxide coating film containing iron oxide on a surface of each metal magnetic particles so that the substrate body is formed into a magnetic base body, to form the oxide film into an insulating oxide layer containing iron oxide and the metal, and to anneal the conductor portion.

A method for producing three-dimensional objects layer by layer using a powdery material which can be solidified by irradiating it with at least two electron beams, said method comprises a pre-heating step, wherein the pre-heating step comprises the sub-step of scanning a pre-heating powder layer area (100) by scanning a first electron beam in a first region (I) and by scanning a second electron beam in a second region (II) distributed over the pre-heating powder layer area (100), wherein consecutively scanned paths are separated by, at least, a security distance (ΔY), said sub-step further comprising the step of synchronising the preheating of said first and second electron beams when simultaneously preheating said powder material within said first and second regions respectively, so that said first and second electron beams are always separated to each other with at least a minimum security distance (ΔX).