A metal three-dimensional printer, a printing method, and a three-dimensional printing material. The three-dimensional printer includes a printing head, a heating apparatus, a printing platform, and a sintering shaping chamber. The printing method includes a preliminary shaping step and a sintering step. The heating apparatus heats the three-dimensional printing material. A heating temperature of the heating apparatus is 50 C. to 300 C., and a binder bonds metal powder at 50 C. to 300 C., and the three-dimensional printing material is extruded onto the printing platform to form a preliminary cured object. In the sintering step, the preliminary cured object is sintered and cured into a shaped object.

A composite material includes a first metallic material component and a second metallic material component. The first material component is different from the second material component. The second material component is mixed with the first material component.

A sintered friction material, in which a content of a copper component is 0.5 mass % or less, is provided. The sintered friction material includes a titanate and a metal material other than copper, as a matrix. A content of the metal material other than copper is 10.0 volume % to 34.0 volume %. A method for manufacturing a sintered friction material is provided. The method includes a mixing step of mixing raw materials containing a titanate and a metal material other than copper, a molding step of molding the raw materials mixed in the mixing step, and a sintering step of sintering, at 900? C. to 1300? C., a molded product molded in the molding step. In the sintered friction material, the titanate and the metal material other than copper form a matrix, and a content of the metal material other than copper is 10.0 volume % to 34.0 volume %.

A sintered friction material, in which a content of a copper component is 0.5 mass % or less, is provided. The sintered friction material includes a titanate and a metal material other than copper, as a matrix. A content of the metal material other than copper is 10.0 volume % to 34.0 volume %. A method for manufacturing a sintered friction material is provided. The method includes a mixing step of mixing raw materials containing a titanate and a metal material other than copper, a molding step of molding the raw materials mixed in the mixing step, and a sintering step of sintering, at 900? C. to 1300? C., a molded product molded in the molding step. In the sintered friction material, the titanate and the metal material other than copper form a matrix, and a content of the metal material other than copper is 10.0 volume % to 34.0 volume %.

In an under component having a proximal end and a distal end, the under component comprising a cylindrical portion extending from the proximal end to the distal end; wherein the proximal end includes a rim that extends laterally from the cylindrical portion and that is flush with the proximal end; the rim extending from the cylindrical portion, wherein the rim includes a proximal edge and a distal edge. An over component having a proximal end and a distal end and a rim having a proximal edge and a distal edge, wherein the distal end of the under component extending to a position flush with a proximal edge of the rim of the over component, wherein the distal end of the over component extending to a position flush with a distal edge of the rim of the under component. A central component, wherein the central component is coupled to the over component, and the over component is coupled to the under component

In an under component having a proximal end and a distal end, the under component comprising a cylindrical portion extending from the proximal end to the distal end; wherein the proximal end includes a rim that extends laterally from the cylindrical portion and that is flush with the proximal end; the rim extending from the cylindrical portion, wherein the rim includes a proximal edge and a distal edge. An over component having a proximal end and a distal end and a rim having a proximal edge and a distal edge, wherein the distal end of the under component extending to a position flush with a proximal edge of the rim of the over component, wherein the distal end of the over component extending to a position flush with a distal edge of the rim of the under component. A central component, wherein the central component is coupled to the over component, and the over component is coupled to the under component

A printer fabricates an object from a computerized model using a fused filament fabrication process. The shape of an extrusion nozzle may be varied during extrusion to control, e.g., an amount of build material deposited, a shape of extrudate exiting the nozzle, a feature resolution, and the like.

A printer fabricates an object from a computerized model using a fused filament fabrication process. The shape of an extrusion nozzle may be varied during extrusion to control, e.g., an amount of build material deposited, a shape of extrudate exiting the nozzle, a feature resolution, and the like.

A printer fabricates an object from a computerized model using a fused filament fabrication process. A former extending from a nozzle of the printer supplements a layer fusion process by applying a normal force on new material as it is deposited to form the object. The former may use a variety of techniques such as heat and rolling to improve physical bonding between layers.

A printer fabricates an object from a computerized model using a fused filament fabrication process. A former extending from a nozzle of the printer supplements a layer fusion process by applying a normal force on new material as it is deposited to form the object. The former may use a variety of techniques such as heat and rolling to improve physical bonding between layers.