A curable resin or adhesive composition includes at least one monomer, a photoinitiator capable of initiating polymerization of the monomer when exposed to light, and at least one energy converting material, preferably a phosphor, capable of producing light when exposed to radiation (typically X-rays). The material is particularly suitable for bonding components at ambient temperature in situations where the bond joint is not accessible to an external light source. An associated method includes: placing a polymerizable adhesive composition, including a photoinitiator and energy converting material, such as a down-converting phosphor, in contact with at least two components to be bonded to form an assembly; and, irradiating the assembly with radiation at a first wavelength, capable of conversion (down-conversion by the phosphor) to a second wavelength capable of activating the photoinitiator, to prepare items such as inkjet cartridges, wafer-to-wafer assemblies, semiconductors, integrated circuits, and the like.

A manufacturing method of an integrated circuit (IC) packaging structure includes the following steps. One or a plurality of dies is disposed on a packaging substrate. An encapsulation material is formed on the packaging substrate. The encapsulation material is configured to encapsulate the one or the plurality of the dies on the packaging substrate. At least one trench is formed in the encapsulation material. A heat dissipation structure is formed on the encapsulation material, and at least a part of the heat dissipation structure is formed in the at least one trench. The step of forming the heat dissipation structure includes the following steps. A first slurry is formed in the at least one trench, and a first curing process is performed to the first slurry for forming a first portion of the heat dissipation structure.

A surgical retractor for illuminating a surgical field includes an ergonomic handle, a retractor blade coupled with the handle, a quick release mechanism, and an illuminator blade. The retractor blade is adapted to engage and retract tissue, and the quick release mechanism is adapted to couple the handle with the retractor blade. The illuminator blade acts as a waveguide to transmit light by total internal reflection. Light is extracted from the illuminator to illuminate the surgical field. The retractor blade is releasable from the handle without requiring uncoupling of the illuminator blade from the handle and also without requiring optical uncoupling of the illuminator blade from a light source. The retractor may also be adapted to evacuate smoke from the surgical field.

A sintered friction material for brake having a high friction coefficient, with which reduction of the friction coefficient is prevented at high temperature and stable brake performance is maintained. It comprises: a metal matrix of Ni or Ni+Fe (small amount); a solid lubricant (a); and a friction adjusting material (b) including: metal or alloy particles (b1) having an average particle size of 50 μm or more and containing at least one selected from W, Mo, Cr, and FeW; and inorganic particles (b2) containing at least one selected from oxides, nitrides, carbides, and intermetallic compounds. An average particle size d.sub.b1 of b1 and an average particle size d.sub.b2 of b2 satisfy d.sub.b1<d.sub.b2. Dispersing, in the metal matrix, b1 and b2 satisfying particular conditions as the friction adjusting material can produce a geometrical structure (particle structure with a high filling density) suitable for preventing plastic deformation of the sintered friction material.

A sintered friction material for brake having a high friction coefficient, with which reduction of the friction coefficient is prevented at high temperature and stable brake performance is maintained. It comprises: a metal matrix of Ni or Ni+Fe (small amount); a solid lubricant (a); and a friction adjusting material (b) including: metal or alloy particles (b1) having an average particle size of 50 μm or more and containing at least one selected from W, Mo, Cr, and FeW; and inorganic particles (b2) containing at least one selected from oxides, nitrides, carbides, and intermetallic compounds. An average particle size d.sub.b1 of b1 and an average particle size d.sub.b2 of b2 satisfy d.sub.b1<d.sub.b2. Dispersing, in the metal matrix, b1 and b2 satisfying particular conditions as the friction adjusting material can produce a geometrical structure (particle structure with a high filling density) suitable for preventing plastic deformation of the sintered friction material.

A method of manufacturing a planet carrier of a gearbox comprises manufacturing a plurality of preforms. Each preform comprises a base portion, a first end portion connected to a first end of the base portion, a second end portion connected to a second end of the base portion, a first side portion connected to a first side of the base portion, a second side portion connected to a second side of the base portion and a top portion. The first and second end portions and the first and second side portions are folded relative to the base portion and the top portion is folded and the adjacent edges of the portions of each preform are secured together to form a support structure. A first ring and a second ring are manufactured. The first and second end portions of each support structure are secured to the first and second rings respectively.

Disclosed are a method of manufacturing a billet used in plastic working for producing a composite member and a billet manufactured by the method. The method includes (A) ball-milling powders of two more materials to prepare a composite powder and (B) preparing a multi-layered billet containing the composite powder. The multi-layered billet includes a core layer and two or more shell layers. The shell layers except for the outermost shell layer are made of the composite powder. The outermost shell layer is made of a pure metal or metal alloy. The composite powders contained in the core layer and each of the shell layers have different compositions. The method has an advantage of manufacturing a plastic working billet being capable of overcoming the limitation of a single-material billet and enabling production of a characteristic-specific composite member such as a clad member.

A metal part with a wall thickness less than 5 mm includes a preform made from a flexible composite sheet, a flexible composite sheet segment, and an appended insert including a fastening portion that is sandwiched between a rear end of the preform and the flexible composite sheet segment. The flexible composite sheet segment encloses the fastening portion of the appended insert.

A metal part with a wall thickness less than 5 mm includes a preform made from a flexible composite sheet, a flexible composite sheet segment, and an appended insert including a fastening portion that is sandwiched between a rear end of the preform and the flexible composite sheet segment. The flexible composite sheet segment encloses the fastening portion of the appended insert.

A method includes applying a material coating to a surface of a machine component, wherein the material coating is formed from a combination of a hardfacing material, aluminum-containing particles, and a braze material. The method also includes thermally treating the material coating at a temperature to generate an oxide layer comprising aluminum from the aluminum-containing particles, wherein the oxide layer is configured to reduce oxidation of the hardfacing material, and the braze material is configured to facilitate binding between the material coating and the surface of the machine component.