The present disclosure describes radiation-assisted, substrate-free, and solution-based nanostructure (e.g., a nanotube and/or a nanowire (NW)) growth processes. The processes use the high absorption coefficient and high density of free charge carriers in particle seeds (e.g., nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, and/or metal nanocrystals) to photothermally drive semiconductor nanostructure growth. The processes can be performed at atmospheric pressure, without specialized equipment such as specialized heating equipment and/or high-pressure reaction vessels.

The present disclosure describes radiation-assisted, substrate-free, and solution-based nanostructure (e.g., a nanotube and/or a nanowire (NW)) growth processes. The processes use the high absorption coefficient and high density of free charge carriers in particle seeds (e.g., nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, and/or metal nanocrystals) to photothermally drive semiconductor nanostructure growth. The processes can be performed at atmospheric pressure, without specialized equipment such as specialized heating equipment and/or high-pressure reaction vessels.

The present disclosure provides a preparation method of a metal powder material. An alloy sheet composed of a matrix phase and a dispersive phase with different chemical reactivities is prepared by the rapid solidification technique of alloy melt. Metal powder is prepared by the reaction of the alloy sheet and an acid solution. Please refer to the description for the detailed preparation method. This method is simple in operation, can be used to prepare many kinds of metal powder materials of different shapes and at the nanometer scale, the submicron scale and the micron scale, and has a good application prospect in the fields of catalysis, powder metallurgy and 3D printing.

The present disclosure provides a preparation method of a metal powder material. An alloy sheet composed of a matrix phase and a dispersive phase with different chemical reactivities is prepared by the rapid solidification technique of alloy melt. Metal powder is prepared by the reaction of the alloy sheet and an acid solution. Please refer to the description for the detailed preparation method. This method is simple in operation, can be used to prepare many kinds of metal powder materials of different shapes and at the nanometer scale, the submicron scale and the micron scale, and has a good application prospect in the fields of catalysis, powder metallurgy and 3D printing.

A physical and chemical method is provided for de-mixing (e.g. extracting, separating, purifying and/or enriching) the metal constituents of an alloy or mixed material into different droplet or solid particle products that are highly enriched in the respective phases of the metal. The method involves for instance but is not limited to, shearing, separating and segregating metallic droplets and particles in a carrier fluid to form other droplets or particles that are each separately highly enriched in one of some, if not of all, of the constituent phases of the alloy or mixed material.

A physical and chemical method is provided for de-mixing (e.g. extracting, separating, purifying and/or enriching) the metal constituents of an alloy or mixed material into different droplet or solid particle products that are highly enriched in the respective phases of the metal. The method involves for instance but is not limited to, shearing, separating and segregating metallic droplets and particles in a carrier fluid to form other droplets or particles that are each separately highly enriched in one of some, if not of all, of the constituent phases of the alloy or mixed material.

Provided is a method for producing particles, the method including a particle generating step of forming a product particle flow including target product particles by heating a segmented reaction raw material liquid flow divided into segments by a gas for segmentation under applying pressure at a pressure P.sub.1 (MPa) and at a heating temperature T (° C.) to react the raw material for particle formation to generate the target product particles, in which, at the particle generating step, (V.sub.d/V.sub.c) is 0.200 to 7.00 and the pressure P.sub.1 at the particle generating step is 2.0 times or more a vapor pressure P.sub.2 (MPa) of a solvent at the heating temperature T. According to the present invention, a method for producing particles having a narrow particle size distribution with high production efficiency can be provided.

Methodologies, systems, and devices are provided for producing metal spheroidal powder products. Dehydrogenated and spheroidized particles are prepared using a process including introducing a metal hydride feed material into a plasma torch. The metal hydride feed material is melted within a plasma in order to dehydrogenate and spheroidize the materials, forming dehydrogenated and spheroidized particles. The dehydrogenated and spheroidized particles are then exposed to an inert gas and cooled in order to solidify the particles into dehydrogenated and spheroidized particles. The particles are cooled within a chamber having an inert gas.

Methodologies, systems, and devices are provided for producing metal spheroidal powder products. Dehydrogenated and spheroidized particles are prepared using a process including introducing a metal hydride feed material into a plasma torch. The metal hydride feed material is melted within a plasma in order to dehydrogenate and spheroidize the materials, forming dehydrogenated and spheroidized particles. The dehydrogenated and spheroidized particles are then exposed to an inert gas and cooled in order to solidify the particles into dehydrogenated and spheroidized particles. The particles are cooled within a chamber having an inert gas.

The present disclosure provides for compositions of magnetic nanoparticles and methods of making magnetic nano-particles with large magnetic diameters.