Provided is a method for producing highly pure titanium metal powder or titanium alloy powder which may be used in various fields. The method includes steps of: a) partially reducing each of at least one metal oxide and a titanium oxide; b) preparing a first mixture by mixing the partially reduced metal oxide and titanium oxide together; c) preparing a second mixture by mixing the first mixture with calcium hydride; and d) producing titanium metal or a titanium alloy by completely reducing the second mixture.

Provided is a method for producing highly pure titanium metal powder or titanium alloy powder which may be used in various fields. The method includes steps of: a) partially reducing each of at least one metal oxide and a titanium oxide; b) preparing a first mixture by mixing the partially reduced metal oxide and titanium oxide together; c) preparing a second mixture by mixing the first mixture with calcium hydride; and d) producing titanium metal or a titanium alloy by completely reducing the second mixture.

A nickel and chromium alloy having a combined wt. % of nickel and chromium of at least 97 wt. %, wherein the chromium accounts for 33 to 50 wt. % of the alloy. The alloy may be provided in strip form and has adequate ductility for the manufacture of various products, such as sheaths for flux cored welding electrodes. A method of making the alloy strip includes forming a powder charge that is 97 to 100 wt. % of nickel and chromium combined and the chromium accounts for 33 to 50 wt. % of the charge, roll compacting the powder charge to form a green strip, sintering the green strip to form a sintered strip, and cold rolling and annealing the sintered strip to form the alloy strip.

A nickel and chromium alloy having a combined wt. % of nickel and chromium of at least 97 wt. %, wherein the chromium accounts for 33 to 50 wt. % of the alloy. The alloy may be provided in strip form and has adequate ductility for the manufacture of various products, such as sheaths for flux cored welding electrodes. A method of making the alloy strip includes forming a powder charge that is 97 to 100 wt. % of nickel and chromium combined and the chromium accounts for 33 to 50 wt. % of the charge, roll compacting the powder charge to form a green strip, sintering the green strip to form a sintered strip, and cold rolling and annealing the sintered strip to form the alloy strip.

A kit for three-dimensional printing a metal object is described. The kit comprises a build material and a shaping composition. The build material comprises metallic particles. The shaping composition comprises a metallic mixture for forming an intermetallic compound with the metallic particles and/or that is exothermically reactive.

Described herein are kits, methods, and systems for printing metal three-dimensional objects. In an example, described is a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing comprising: a first fluid comprising a first liquid vehicle comprising metal or metal precursor particles; and a second fluid comprising a second liquid vehicle comprising latex polymer particles dispersed therein, wherein the latex polymer particles have an average particle size of from about 10 nm to about 300 nm, and wherein the metal or metal precursor particles comprise metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles and a reducing agent, or combinations thereof.

Described herein are kits, methods, and systems for printing metal three-dimensional objects. In an example, described is a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing comprising: a first fluid comprising a first liquid vehicle comprising metal or metal precursor particles; and a second fluid comprising a second liquid vehicle comprising latex polymer particles dispersed therein, wherein the latex polymer particles have an average particle size of from about 10 nm to about 300 nm, and wherein the metal or metal precursor particles comprise metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles and a reducing agent, or combinations thereof.

A joining material for bonding overlapping components of a power electronic device together via a liquid phase sintering process. The joining material includes a mixture of composite particles. Each of the composite particles exhibits a core-shell structure having a core made of a copper-based material and a shell surrounding the core that is made of a low melting point material having a melting temperature or a solidus temperature less than that of the copper-based material of the core. The mixture of composite particles includes a first particulate fraction having a first median particle size and a second particulate fraction having a second median particle size. The first median particle size is at least one order of magnitude larger than the second median particle size.

A joining material for bonding overlapping components of a power electronic device together via a liquid phase sintering process. The joining material includes a mixture of composite particles. Each of the composite particles exhibits a core-shell structure having a core made of a copper-based material and a shell surrounding the core that is made of a low melting point material having a melting temperature or a solidus temperature less than that of the copper-based material of the core. The mixture of composite particles includes a first particulate fraction having a first median particle size and a second particulate fraction having a second median particle size. The first median particle size is at least one order of magnitude larger than the second median particle size.

A nanofiber based micro-structured material including metal fibers with metal oxide coatings and methods are shown. In one example, nanofiber based micro-structured material is used as an electrode in a battery, such as a lithium ion battery, where the nanofibers of micro-structured material form a nanofiber cloth with free-standing, core-shell structure.