Food scent substance for use in the treatment of obesity, wherein food scent from the food scent substance is inhaled from a device comprising the food scent substance.

Food scent substance for use in the treatment of obesity, wherein food scent from the food scent substance is inhaled from a device comprising the food scent substance.

Compositions of and methods for using synthetic retinoids as retinoid replacements and opsin agonists are provided.

Compositions of and methods for using synthetic retinoids as retinoid replacements and opsin agonists are provided.

The invention provides compounds for use in inhibiting a microbial alternative oxidase (AOX) and/or cytochrome bc.sub.1 complex. The invention extends to the use of such inhibitors in agrochemicals and in pharmaceuticals, for treating microbial infections, including fungal infections.

The invention provides compounds for use in inhibiting a microbial alternative oxidase (AOX) and/or cytochrome bc.sub.1 complex. The invention extends to the use of such inhibitors in agrochemicals and in pharmaceuticals, for treating microbial infections, including fungal infections.

The invention provides compounds of formula (I), their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof for use in preventing, inhibiting or treating a disease caused by a mutation in the gene coding for hydroxymethylbilane synthase, in particular for preventing, inhibiting or treating acute intermittent porphyria: (I) wherein: A is selected from N and CR.sup.10 (wherein R.sup.10 is H, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl or —C(O)R.sup.17 in which R.sup.17 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl); Z is selected from N and CR.sup.9 (wherein R.sup.9 is H, halogen (e.g. F, Cl, Br or I) or —OR.sup.16 in which R.sup.16 is H, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, or optionally substituted C.sub.1-6 alkyl); L is selected from —CH.sub.2—, —C(O)—, —CH(OH)—, —C(O)—NR′—, and —NR′—C(O)— (wherein R′ is H or C.sub.1-3 alkyl, e.g. —CH.sub.3); R.sup.1 is H; R.sup.2 is selected from H, halogen (e.g. F, Cl, Br or I), —NR.sup.11R.sup.12 (wherein R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are independently selected from H and C.sub.1-6 alkyl or, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 5- or 6-membered saturated ring), and —OR13 (wherein R.sup.13 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl); R.sup.3 is selected from H, —CH.sup.2OH and —C(O)R.sup.14 (wherein R.sup.14 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl); R.sup.4 is selected from H, halogen (e.g. F, Cl, Br or I) and —OR.sup.15 (where R.sup.15 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl); R.sup.5 is selected from H and C.sub.1-6 alkyl; R.sup.6 is selected from H, —NO.sub.2 and halogen (e.g. F, Cl, Br or I); R.sup.7 is H; and R.sup.8 is selected from H, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, and halogen (e.g. F, Cl, Br or I); or wherein: R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 together with the intervening ring carbon atoms form an unsaturated ring, preferably an aryl ring.

##STR00001##

The invention provides compounds of formula (I), their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof for use in preventing, inhibiting or treating a disease caused by a mutation in the gene coding for hydroxymethylbilane synthase, in particular for preventing, inhibiting or treating acute intermittent porphyria: (I) wherein: A is selected from N and CR.sup.10 (wherein R.sup.10 is H, —NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl or —C(O)R.sup.17 in which R.sup.17 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl); Z is selected from N and CR.sup.9 (wherein R.sup.9 is H, halogen (e.g. F, Cl, Br or I) or —OR.sup.16 in which R.sup.16 is H, C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl, or optionally substituted C.sub.1-6 alkyl); L is selected from —CH.sub.2—, —C(O)—, —CH(OH)—, —C(O)—NR′—, and —NR′—C(O)— (wherein R′ is H or C.sub.1-3 alkyl, e.g. —CH.sub.3); R.sup.1 is H; R.sup.2 is selected from H, halogen (e.g. F, Cl, Br or I), —NR.sup.11R.sup.12 (wherein R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are independently selected from H and C.sub.1-6 alkyl or, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 5- or 6-membered saturated ring), and —OR13 (wherein R.sup.13 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl); R.sup.3 is selected from H, —CH.sup.2OH and —C(O)R.sup.14 (wherein R.sup.14 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl); R.sup.4 is selected from H, halogen (e.g. F, Cl, Br or I) and —OR.sup.15 (where R.sup.15 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl); R.sup.5 is selected from H and C.sub.1-6 alkyl; R.sup.6 is selected from H, —NO.sub.2 and halogen (e.g. F, Cl, Br or I); R.sup.7 is H; and R.sup.8 is selected from H, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, and halogen (e.g. F, Cl, Br or I); or wherein: R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 together with the intervening ring carbon atoms form an unsaturated ring, preferably an aryl ring.

##STR00001##

A method for preparing a cyclodextrin metal organic framework (CD-MOF) stable in aqueous phase, including: dissolving β-cyclodextrin and solid potassium hydroxide in deionized water followed by magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment at room temperature, addition of methanol and stirring to obtain a reaction mixture; filtering the reaction mixture with a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane filter in a beaker; placing the beaker in methanol vapor to form a β-CD-MOF crystal; washing the β-CD-MOF crystal with ethanol followed by centrifugation and vacuum drying to obtain β-CD-MOF; preparing a β-CD-MOF-active substance complex by impregnation; and preparing an active substance-loaded β-CD-MOF-Tween 80 complex by physical adsorption modification followed by washing with anhydrous ethanol and vacuum drying.

A method for preparing a cyclodextrin metal organic framework (CD-MOF) stable in aqueous phase, including: dissolving β-cyclodextrin and solid potassium hydroxide in deionized water followed by magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment at room temperature, addition of methanol and stirring to obtain a reaction mixture; filtering the reaction mixture with a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane filter in a beaker; placing the beaker in methanol vapor to form a β-CD-MOF crystal; washing the β-CD-MOF crystal with ethanol followed by centrifugation and vacuum drying to obtain β-CD-MOF; preparing a β-CD-MOF-active substance complex by impregnation; and preparing an active substance-loaded β-CD-MOF-Tween 80 complex by physical adsorption modification followed by washing with anhydrous ethanol and vacuum drying.