A cutting insert includes: a polygonal shaped upper surface; a lower surface; a side surface connected to each of the upper and lower surfaces; and an upper cutting edge located at the intersection of the upper surface and the side surface. The upper surface alternately includes three major corners and three minor corners. The upper cutting edge includes: a corner cutting edge; a minor cutting edge inclined toward the lower surface as separating from the corner cutting edge at a first inclination angle; and a major cutting edge inclined toward the lower surface as separating from the minor cutting edge at a second inclination angle. The corner cutting edge, the minor cutting edge and the major cutting edge are located sequentially from a first major corner to each of first and second minor corners, both of which are adjacent to the first major corner.

An apparatus for manufacturing an insert with a cutting edge joined to a base includes: a first electrode to contact the base; a second electrode to contact the cutting edge; a current generator for generating an electric current flowing between both the electrodes; and a moving device that moves the base contacting the first electrode and/or the cutting edge contacting the second electrode in a moving direction. A method of manufacturing the insert includes: providing the base; placing the cutting edge on a depression in the base; pressurizing the cutting edge on the base; and passing an electric current through the cutting edge and the base under pressurization. The insert for a cutting tool includes the cutting edge and the base directly joining each other. The base has adjacent first and second surfaces at predetermined angles, each surface having protrusion protruding from a contact surface where the cutting edge contacts, the protrusion softening and joining directly to the cutting edge when the cutting edge is joined in the depression.

An apparatus for manufacturing an insert with a cutting edge joined to a base includes: a first electrode to contact the base; a second electrode to contact the cutting edge; a current generator for generating an electric current flowing between both the electrodes; and a moving device that moves the base contacting the first electrode and/or the cutting edge contacting the second electrode in a moving direction. A method of manufacturing the insert includes: providing the base; placing the cutting edge on a depression in the base; pressurizing the cutting edge on the base; and passing an electric current through the cutting edge and the base under pressurization. The insert for a cutting tool includes the cutting edge and the base directly joining each other. The base has adjacent first and second surfaces at predetermined angles, each surface having protrusion protruding from a contact surface where the cutting edge contacts, the protrusion softening and joining directly to the cutting edge when the cutting edge is joined in the depression.

A body of a cutting tool has: an insert pocket in which a cutting insert is mounted; a screw hole into which an insert mounting screw for fastening the cutting insert to the insert pocket is screw-inserted; and a chip removal coolant flow path for allowing coolant C to be discharged through a discharge port that is open at a leading end of the body, wherein at least a part of the chip removal coolant flow path is at respective distances Da, Db and Dc from the insert pocket, from the screw hole, and from the periphery of the body, in a cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction of the body, wherein each of the distances Da, Db and Dc is equal to or greater than a predetermined size.

A body of a cutting tool has: an insert pocket in which a cutting insert is mounted; a screw hole into which an insert mounting screw for fastening the cutting insert to the insert pocket is screw-inserted; and a chip removal coolant flow path for allowing coolant C to be discharged through a discharge port that is open at a leading end of the body, wherein at least a part of the chip removal coolant flow path is at respective distances Da, Db and Dc from the insert pocket, from the screw hole, and from the periphery of the body, in a cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction of the body, wherein each of the distances Da, Db and Dc is equal to or greater than a predetermined size.

Components of articles that include an optical element that imparts structural color to the component are provided. Methods of making the components including the optical element, and methods of using the components such as to make an article of manufacture are provided.

Components of articles that include an optical element that imparts structural color to the component are provided. Methods of making the components including the optical element, and methods of using the components such as to make an article of manufacture are provided.

One or more aspects of the present disclosure provide articles of manufacture and components of articles that incorporate an optical element that imparts a structural color to the component or the article. The component comprises a thermoplastic polymeric material, and can include or be made to have a textured surface.

A tool is provided having a tool holder and a brazed top clamp positioned in a portion of the tool holder. The brazed top clamp is made of a material that has a hardness that is greater than the material that makes up the tool holder. In certain embodiments, the tool holder has a slot that is in the shape of a T-slot and the top clamp is in the shape of a T shaped rail that is positioned within the T-slot of the tool holder.

A tool is provided having a tool holder and a brazed top clamp positioned in a portion of the tool holder. The brazed top clamp is made of a material that has a hardness that is greater than the material that makes up the tool holder. In certain embodiments, the tool holder has a slot that is in the shape of a T-slot and the top clamp is in the shape of a T shaped rail that is positioned within the T-slot of the tool holder.