Compositions and methods, including novel homogeneous microparticulate suspensions, are described for treating natural surfaces that contain bacterial biofilm, including unexpected synergy or enhancing effects between bismuth-thiol (BT) compounds and certain antibiotics, to provide formulations including antiseptic formulations. Previously unpredicted antibacterial properties and anti-biofilm properties of disclosed BT compounds and BT compound-plus-antibiotic combinations are also described, including preferential efficacies of certain such compositions for treating certain gram-positive bacterial infections, and distinct preferential efficacies of certain such compositions for treating certain gram-negative bacterial infections.

Compositions and methods, including novel homogeneous microparticulate suspensions, are described for treating natural surfaces that contain bacterial biofilm, including unexpected synergy or enhancing effects between bismuth-thiol (BT) compounds and certain antibiotics, to provide formulations including antiseptic formulations. Previously unpredicted antibacterial properties and anti-biofilm properties of disclosed BT compounds and BT compound-plus-antibiotic combinations are also described, including preferential efficacies of certain such compositions for treating certain gram-positive bacterial infections, and distinct preferential efficacies of certain such compositions for treating certain gram-negative bacterial infections.

The present invention relates to a method for maintaining normoglycemia in a mammal in need thereof, preferably a critically ill patient suffering from acute stress, and to a method for preventing or limiting renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in a mammal, preferably in a critically ill patient suffering from acute stress.

The present invention relates to a method for maintaining normoglycemia in a mammal in need thereof, preferably a critically ill patient suffering from acute stress, and to a method for preventing or limiting renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in a mammal, preferably in a critically ill patient suffering from acute stress.

The present invention relates to a method for maintaining normoglycemia in a mammal in need thereof, preferably a critically ill patient suffering from acute stress, and to a method for preventing or limiting renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in a mammal, preferably in a critically ill patient suffering from acute stress.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to compounds which have enhanced oral bioavailability. A transition metal complex includes a transition metal coordinated by a macrocycle comprising the pentaaza 15-membered macrocyclic ring corresponding to Formula A and two axial ligands having the formula —OC(O)X.sub.1.

##STR00001## each of the two axial ligands has the formula —OC(═O)X.sub.1 wherein each X.sub.1 is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or —C(—X.sub.2)(—X.sub.3)(—X.sub.4); each X.sub.2 is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; each X.sub.3 is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, alkyl, amino, —X.sub.5C(═O)R.sub.13 where X.sub.5 is NH or O, and R.sub.13 is C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or C.sub.1-C.sub.18 aralkyl, or —OR.sub.14, where R.sub.14 is C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or C.sub.1-C.sub.18 aralkyl, or together with X.sub.4 is (═O); and each X.sub.4 is independently hydrogen or together with X.sub.3 is (═O).

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to compounds which have enhanced oral bioavailability. A transition metal complex includes a transition metal coordinated by a macrocycle comprising the pentaaza 15-membered macrocyclic ring corresponding to Formula A and two axial ligands having the formula —OC(O)X.sub.1.

##STR00001## each of the two axial ligands has the formula —OC(═O)X.sub.1 wherein each X.sub.1 is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or —C(—X.sub.2)(—X.sub.3)(—X.sub.4); each X.sub.2 is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; each X.sub.3 is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, alkyl, amino, —X.sub.5C(═O)R.sub.13 where X.sub.5 is NH or O, and R.sub.13 is C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or C.sub.1-C.sub.18 aralkyl, or —OR.sub.14, where R.sub.14 is C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or C.sub.1-C.sub.18 aralkyl, or together with X.sub.4 is (═O); and each X.sub.4 is independently hydrogen or together with X.sub.3 is (═O).

The present application is concerned with gold complexes for use in treating cancer which is resistant to a known therapy. In some embodiments, the cancer is resistant to a first PARP inhibitor and/or the gold complex is for use in combination with a second PARP inhibitor.

The present application is concerned with gold complexes for use in treating cancer which is resistant to a known therapy. In some embodiments, the cancer is resistant to a first PARP inhibitor and/or the gold complex is for use in combination with a second PARP inhibitor.

The chromium compositions and methods of use for patients with glucose intolerance comprising a chromium complex in combination with at least one amino acid, niacinamide, and salicylic acid.