Provided are use of a saponin compound of formula (I) or (II), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or solvate thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament targeting PD-1. The medicament targeting PD-1 is one which treats a disease by inhibiting PD-1 from binding to a ligand thereof. The disease may be a tumor, an infection caused by a bacterium, a virus or a fungus, or an inflammatory disease. ##STR00001##

Provided are use of a saponin compound of formula (I) or (II), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug or solvate thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament targeting PD-1. The medicament targeting PD-1 is one which treats a disease by inhibiting PD-1 from binding to a ligand thereof. The disease may be a tumor, an infection caused by a bacterium, a virus or a fungus, or an inflammatory disease. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to the use of a pharmaceutical carrier in the preparation of anti-diabetic pharmaceutical composition. In particular, the present invention relates to the use of a pharmaceutical carrier in the preparation of anti-diabetic pharmaceutical composition, wherein the pharmaceutical carrier consists of well-mixed sesame oil and beeswax, the anti-diabetic pharmaceutical composition comprises oryzanol and berberine hydrochloride as active ingredients; wherein the oryzanol is present in an amount of 1-5% by weight, the berberine hydrochloride is present in an amount of 5-50% by weight, the beeswax is present in an amount of 1-20% by weight, and the sesame oil is present in an amount of 40-85% by weight, relative to the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition. The present invention further relates to an anti-diabetic pharmaceutical composition as above, which is subjected to compressing, rinsing, drying and screening, and packaged into vial to obtain a product in soft capsule dosage form. The product has advantages such as stable control of blood glucose, lowering the level of blood glucose and blood lipid, protecting liver function, as well as low irritation on gastrointestinal tract.

The present invention relates to the use of a pharmaceutical carrier in the preparation of anti-diabetic pharmaceutical composition. In particular, the present invention relates to the use of a pharmaceutical carrier in the preparation of anti-diabetic pharmaceutical composition, wherein the pharmaceutical carrier consists of well-mixed sesame oil and beeswax, the anti-diabetic pharmaceutical composition comprises oryzanol and berberine hydrochloride as active ingredients; wherein the oryzanol is present in an amount of 1-5% by weight, the berberine hydrochloride is present in an amount of 5-50% by weight, the beeswax is present in an amount of 1-20% by weight, and the sesame oil is present in an amount of 40-85% by weight, relative to the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition. The present invention further relates to an anti-diabetic pharmaceutical composition as above, which is subjected to compressing, rinsing, drying and screening, and packaged into vial to obtain a product in soft capsule dosage form. The product has advantages such as stable control of blood glucose, lowering the level of blood glucose and blood lipid, protecting liver function, as well as low irritation on gastrointestinal tract.

The present disclosure provides a method for treating a subject having a coronavirus infection comprising administering to the subject at least one dose of a population of natural killer (NK) cells in an amount effective to reduce the coronavirus infection in the subject. In various embodiments, the NK cells administered to the subject are isolated NK cells, expanded and activated NK cells, or placental-derived NK cells.

The present disclosure provides a method for treating a subject having a coronavirus infection comprising administering to the subject at least one dose of a population of natural killer (NK) cells in an amount effective to reduce the coronavirus infection in the subject. In various embodiments, the NK cells administered to the subject are isolated NK cells, expanded and activated NK cells, or placental-derived NK cells.

The present invention provides aqueous formulations containing povidone iodine to be topically applied into a body cavity such as nose of a subject. The formulations of this invention are useful for treating a disease or symptom related to or caused by infection of COVID-19 virus or influenza virus H1N1.

The present invention provides aqueous formulations containing povidone iodine to be topically applied into a body cavity such as nose of a subject. The formulations of this invention are useful for treating a disease or symptom related to or caused by infection of COVID-19 virus or influenza virus H1N1.

Embodiments include formulations and methods for oromucosal administration of a dry powder to create a topical foam composition to deliver medicaments to an interior mucosal space, such as the oral cavity, nasal cavity, rectal cavity, vaginal cavity or esophagus. The active agent can be amifostine, an antibiotic, an anti-fungal, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug or a steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oromucosal delivery allows one to target oral epithelial cells. Embodiments also include methods of treating mucositis. Conventional formulations and methods are generally ineffective because drugs cannot be directed toward epithelial cells of the GI that are most susceptible to mucositis. The formulations described herein increase concentration, permeability and residence time at a target site. The formulations also allow stable forms of amifostine, which obviates difficulties associated with storing, dosing and administering the drug.

Embodiments include formulations and methods for oromucosal administration of a dry powder to create a topical foam composition to deliver medicaments to an interior mucosal space, such as the oral cavity, nasal cavity, rectal cavity, vaginal cavity or esophagus. The active agent can be amifostine, an antibiotic, an anti-fungal, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug or a steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oromucosal delivery allows one to target oral epithelial cells. Embodiments also include methods of treating mucositis. Conventional formulations and methods are generally ineffective because drugs cannot be directed toward epithelial cells of the GI that are most susceptible to mucositis. The formulations described herein increase concentration, permeability and residence time at a target site. The formulations also allow stable forms of amifostine, which obviates difficulties associated with storing, dosing and administering the drug.