The present invention provides methods and compositions for treating endocrine conditions that result in decreased folate levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. These conditions may be prevented and treated with reduced folates and vitamin B12. Administration of reduced folates and vitamin B12 will prevent or treat cerebrospinal folate deficiency, which is linked to thyroid-related medical conditions. Administration of reduced folates and vitamin B12 will also prevent or treat conditions associated with masked megaloblastic anemia and hypothyroidism, and other conditions brought upon through improper thyroid function. Methods of diagnosing decreased folate levels in individuals are also disclosed.

A pharmaceutical or cosmetic carrier for topical administration substantially consists of phosphatidylcholine, monoglyceride, fatty acid ester of C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alcohol; volatile solvent selected from ethanol and its combinations with C.sub.3-C.sub.4 alcohol and/or volatile silicone oil. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions comprising the carrier and pharmaceutically or cosmetically active agent(s).

A pharmaceutical or cosmetic carrier for topical administration substantially consists of phosphatidylcholine, monoglyceride, fatty acid ester of C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alcohol; volatile solvent selected from ethanol and its combinations with C.sub.3-C.sub.4 alcohol and/or volatile silicone oil. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions comprising the carrier and pharmaceutically or cosmetically active agent(s).

The present invention provides a novel approach to the diagnosis, treatment and management of vascular anomalies by providing compositions and methods for the identification and specific targeting of the embryonic stem cell populations associated with vascular anomalies, by modulation of the Renin-Angiotensin System expressed by the stem cells.

The present invention provides a novel approach to the diagnosis, treatment and management of vascular anomalies by providing compositions and methods for the identification and specific targeting of the embryonic stem cell populations associated with vascular anomalies, by modulation of the Renin-Angiotensin System expressed by the stem cells.

A composition comprising sodium butyrate for the prevention and/or treatment of a viral infection caused by Rhinovirus. The composition may further comprise Vitamin D. The composition may be administered in the form of a tablet or capsule, in the form of an inhaler, or provided as a dietary supplement.

A composition comprising sodium butyrate for the prevention and/or treatment of a viral infection caused by Rhinovirus. The composition may further comprise Vitamin D. The composition may be administered in the form of a tablet or capsule, in the form of an inhaler, or provided as a dietary supplement.

The present application in one aspect provides methods and compositions that are fine-tuned to modulate brain and peripheral serotonin levels, which in turn would lead to prevention and treatment of various diseases associated with a reduced level of brain serotonin. In another aspect, there are provided methods of assessing the peripheral or placenta level of serotonin and associated risks based on the peripheral placental level of TPH1.

The present application in one aspect provides methods and compositions that are fine-tuned to modulate brain and peripheral serotonin levels, which in turn would lead to prevention and treatment of various diseases associated with a reduced level of brain serotonin. In another aspect, there are provided methods of assessing the peripheral or placenta level of serotonin and associated risks based on the peripheral placental level of TPH1.

The present application in one aspect provides methods and compositions that are fine-tuned to modulate brain and peripheral serotonin levels, which in turn would lead to prevention and treatment of various diseases associated with a reduced level of brain serotonin. In another aspect, there are provided methods of assessing the peripheral or placenta level of serotonin and associated risks based on the peripheral placental level of TPH1.