Methods of sanitizing, disinfecting, decontaminating, and/or sterilizing surfaces with small molecule NO releasing compounds are disclosed. In some embodiments, the compounds are covalently modified to store and release nitric oxide. The compounds may be tailored to release nitric oxide in a controlled manner and can be useful, for example, for preventing the spread of microbial infections, such as nocosomial infections.

An object of the present invention is to provide a liposome composition and a pharmaceutical composition, which exhibit a high AUC. Provided are a liposome composition including a hydrophilic polymer-modified diacylphosphatidylethanolamine, a dihydrosphingomyelin, and cholesterols as components of a liposome membrane, in which the liposome composition encapsulates a drug, an inner water phase thereof contains ammonium sulfate, and a molar ratio of sulfate ions in the inner water phase to the drug in an entire water phase is 0.36 or more; and a pharmaceutical composition including the liposome composition.

An object of the present invention is to provide a liposome composition and a pharmaceutical composition, which exhibit a high AUC. Provided are a liposome composition including a hydrophilic polymer-modified diacylphosphatidylethanolamine, a dihydrosphingomyelin, and cholesterols as components of a liposome membrane, in which the liposome composition encapsulates a drug, an inner water phase thereof contains ammonium sulfate, and a molar ratio of sulfate ions in the inner water phase to the drug in an entire water phase is 0.36 or more; and a pharmaceutical composition including the liposome composition.

This disclosure provides a chewing gum composition comprising an herbal extract and a gum base. The disclosure also provides methods of treating symptoms associated with menopause comprising administering to a subject in need thereof, a gum-based composition for chewing, the composition comprising an herbal extract and a gum base.

This disclosure provides a chewing gum composition comprising an herbal extract and a gum base. The disclosure also provides methods of treating symptoms associated with menopause comprising administering to a subject in need thereof, a gum-based composition for chewing, the composition comprising an herbal extract and a gum base.

The present invention concerns a luminescent particle comprising a nanoparticle of formula
A.sub.1-xLn.sub.xVO.sub.4(1-y)(PO.sub.4).sub.y  (I)
in which A is selected from yttrium (Y), gadolinium (Gd), lanthanum (La), and mixtures thereof; Ln is selected from europium (Eu), dysprosium (Dy), samarium (Sm), neodymium (Nd), erbium (Er), ytterbium (Yb), and mixtures thereof; 0<x<1; and 0≤y<1; characterized in that the nanoparticle on its surface has tetraalkylammonium cations in an amount such that said nanoparticle has a zeta potential, ζ, of less than or equal to −28 mV in an aqueous medium with a pH≥5, more particularly with a pH≥5.5, and with an ionic conductivity >100 μS.Math.cm.sup.−1. It also concerns a method for preparing such luminescent particles, a colloidal suspension of these particles, and the use thereof as a diagnostic agent, and also a diagnostic kit comprising such luminescent particles.

The present invention concerns a luminescent particle comprising a nanoparticle of formula
A.sub.1-xLn.sub.xVO.sub.4(1-y)(PO.sub.4).sub.y  (I)
in which A is selected from yttrium (Y), gadolinium (Gd), lanthanum (La), and mixtures thereof; Ln is selected from europium (Eu), dysprosium (Dy), samarium (Sm), neodymium (Nd), erbium (Er), ytterbium (Yb), and mixtures thereof; 0<x<1; and 0≤y<1; characterized in that the nanoparticle on its surface has tetraalkylammonium cations in an amount such that said nanoparticle has a zeta potential, ζ, of less than or equal to −28 mV in an aqueous medium with a pH≥5, more particularly with a pH≥5.5, and with an ionic conductivity >100 μS.Math.cm.sup.−1. It also concerns a method for preparing such luminescent particles, a colloidal suspension of these particles, and the use thereof as a diagnostic agent, and also a diagnostic kit comprising such luminescent particles.

An object of the present invention is to provide a liposome composition and a pharmaceutical composition, which exhibit a high AUC. Provided are a liposome composition including a hydrophilic polymer-modified diacylphosphatidylethanolamine, a dihydrosphingomyelin, and cholesterols as components of a liposome membrane, in which the liposome composition encapsulates a drug, an inner water phase thereof contains ammonium sulfate, and a molar ratio of sulfate ions in the inner water phase to the drug in an entire water phase is 0.36 or more; and a pharmaceutical composition including the liposome composition.

An object of the present invention is to provide a liposome composition and a pharmaceutical composition, which exhibit a high AUC. Provided are a liposome composition including a hydrophilic polymer-modified diacylphosphatidylethanolamine, a dihydrosphingomyelin, and cholesterols as components of a liposome membrane, in which the liposome composition encapsulates a drug, an inner water phase thereof contains ammonium sulfate, and a molar ratio of sulfate ions in the inner water phase to the drug in an entire water phase is 0.36 or more; and a pharmaceutical composition including the liposome composition.

Provided herein are methods and compositions useful for inhibiting microbe growth. The methods can comprise contacting the microbe with an antimicrobial agent and bicarbonate. In some embodiments, provided herein are methods for treating or preventing a microbial infection, comprising administering to a subject in need an effective amount of (i) bicarbonate and (ii) an antimicrobial agent.