A fluting method for forming a flute in a workpiece while the workpiece is moved relative to a rotating tool by the combination of a rotating feed shaft with other feed shafts, the method comprising a machining process of relatively moving the rotating tool on a tool path that runs along the direction in which the flute extends and machining the workpiece using a rotating tool with a diameter that is smaller than the width of the flute. The machining process changes the relative position of the rotating tool with respect to the workpiece and performs machining multiple times so that the rotating tool makes internal contact with a circle that has the width of the flute being formed in the workpiece as the diameter.

A fluting method for forming a flute in a workpiece while the workpiece is moved relative to a rotating tool by the combination of a rotating feed shaft with other feed shafts, the method comprising a machining process of relatively moving the rotating tool on a tool path that runs along the direction in which the flute extends and machining the workpiece using a rotating tool with a diameter that is smaller than the width of the flute. The machining process changes the relative position of the rotating tool with respect to the workpiece and performs machining multiple times so that the rotating tool makes internal contact with a circle that has the width of the flute being formed in the workpiece as the diameter.

A method for manufacturing a dental or medical tool the method comprising the steps of positioning a pre-fluted blank 14 including a stem 24 and a shank 22 within a machine 30, using a probe to identify a position and/or an orientation of at least one flute 26 of the pre-fluted blank 14 and/or the position and/or orientation of an orientation indicator 28 of the pre-fluted blank 14, and using the machine 30 to form a cutting end region 36 at the end of the stem 24 of the pre-fluted blank 14 remote from the shank 22, the flute 26 extending into the cutting end region 36, the machine 30 being controlled to ensure that the cutting end region 36 is correctly orientated relative to the flutes 26 of the pre-fluted blank 14.

A method for manufacturing a dental or medical tool the method comprising the steps of positioning a pre-fluted blank 14 including a stem 24 and a shank 22 within a machine 30, using a probe to identify a position and/or an orientation of at least one flute 26 of the pre-fluted blank 14 and/or the position and/or orientation of an orientation indicator 28 of the pre-fluted blank 14, and using the machine 30 to form a cutting end region 36 at the end of the stem 24 of the pre-fluted blank 14 remote from the shank 22, the flute 26 extending into the cutting end region 36, the machine 30 being controlled to ensure that the cutting end region 36 is correctly orientated relative to the flutes 26 of the pre-fluted blank 14.

A method for machining of ball tracks of an inner race of a constant velocity joint includes the step of providing a power skiving tool having a plurality of cutting members and a first axis of rotation and providing a work piece having an outer envelope surface extending along an axis of rotation. The first axis of rotation of the power skiving tool is arranged at a first distance from the axis of rotation of the work piece and oriented at a first angle. A first rotational speed to the power skiving tool and a second rotational speed to the work piece and a relative movement between the work piece and the power skiving tool, is applied such that the cutting members engage the outer envelope surface to machine the ball tracks. A cutting insert and a power skiving cutting tool are also provided.

A method for machining of ball tracks of an inner race of a constant velocity joint includes the step of providing a power skiving tool having a plurality of cutting members and a first axis of rotation and providing a work piece having an outer envelope surface extending along an axis of rotation. The first axis of rotation of the power skiving tool is arranged at a first distance from the axis of rotation of the work piece and oriented at a first angle. A first rotational speed to the power skiving tool and a second rotational speed to the work piece and a relative movement between the work piece and the power skiving tool, is applied such that the cutting members engage the outer envelope surface to machine the ball tracks. A cutting insert and a power skiving cutting tool are also provided.

An object of the present invention is to provide a power steering apparatus and a method of manufacturing a power steering apparatus that allow balls to smoothly travel in a connection member for circulating the balls. To achieve this object, a first curved portion of a first connection passage of a nut that faces a first bent portion of the connection member is formed into a curved shape in such a manner that a space between the first curved portion and the first bent portion is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value. Further, a second curved portion of a second connection passage of the nut that faces a second bent portion of the connection member is formed into a curved shape in such a manner that a space between the second curved portion and the second bent portion is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value.

An object of the present invention is to provide a power steering apparatus and a method of manufacturing a power steering apparatus that allow balls to smoothly travel in a connection member for circulating the balls. To achieve this object, a first curved portion of a first connection passage of a nut that faces a first bent portion of the connection member is formed into a curved shape in such a manner that a space between the first curved portion and the first bent portion is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value. Further, a second curved portion of a second connection passage of the nut that faces a second bent portion of the connection member is formed into a curved shape in such a manner that a space between the second curved portion and the second bent portion is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value.

A bit for drilling with a casing or liner string includes: a tubular stem made from a high strength metal or alloy; a head: having a cutting face with an inner cone, an outer shoulder, and an intermediate nose between the cone and the shoulder; attached to an end of the stem; and made from a nonferrous metal or alloy; a plurality of blades formed integrally with the head, made from the nonferrous metal or alloy, and each extending from a center of the cutting face to the shoulder; a plurality of superhard cutters mounted along each blade; a plurality of gauge pads formed integrally with the stem; and a flush joint formed between each blade and a respective gauge pad. A yield strength of the high strength metal or alloy is at least twice a yield strength of the nonferrous metal or alloy.

A bit for drilling with a casing or liner string includes: a tubular stem made from a high strength metal or alloy; a head: having a cutting face with an inner cone, an outer shoulder, and an intermediate nose between the cone and the shoulder; attached to an end of the stem; and made from a nonferrous metal or alloy; a plurality of blades formed integrally with the head, made from the nonferrous metal or alloy, and each extending from a center of the cutting face to the shoulder; a plurality of superhard cutters mounted along each blade; a plurality of gauge pads formed integrally with the stem; and a flush joint formed between each blade and a respective gauge pad. A yield strength of the high strength metal or alloy is at least twice a yield strength of the nonferrous metal or alloy.