The methods described herein are for treating infections in individuals having cancer and who are receiving cancer immunotherapy, preferably employing a CRISPR system to selectively kill or reduce the numbers of pathogenic bacteria within the individual and thereafter, administering an immune checkpoint inhibitor thereto. In particular embodiments, the pathogenic bacteria is one of E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus; Streptoccocus; Salmonella; Shigella; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Enterococcus; Clostridium; Neisseria gonnorrhoea; Acinetobacter baumannii; and Campylobacter bacteria and the checkpoint inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of nivolumab, pembrolizumab, pidilizumab, AMP-224, AMP-514, STI-A1110, TSR-042, RG-7446, BMS-936559, MEDI-4736, MSB-0020718C, AUR-012 and STI-A1010. Further embodiments include enhancing the growth of a second bacteria in the individual, such bacteria including Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, Fusobacterium, Coprococcus, LactoBacillus, Propionibacterium, Ruminococcus, Veillonella, Prevotella, and F. prausnitzii. The CRISPR system may include Cas9, Cpf1 and Cas3, and may be delivered using a bacteriophage.

A bacterial-mediated gene-editing delivery platform that uses invasive, non-pathogenic bacteria to deliver gene-editing cargo, including CRISPR/Cas systems, to eukaryotic cells. The bacteria contain a prokaryotic expression cassette encoding the gene-editing cargo.

The present invention relates to compositions comprising probiotic and prebiotic components, mineral salts, lactoferrin, and possibly saccharomycetes, which perform correct, effective colonisation of the probiotic components administered, with enteric consequences which involve maintaining and/or restoring intestinal health and preventing the consequences of common dysbioses of the digestive tract caused by stress, incorrect dietary habits and antibiotic treatments. Said compositions also have a concomitant anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating action.

The invention relates to methods, uses, systems, arrays, engineered nucleotide sequences and vectors for inhibiting bacterial population growth or for altering the relative ratio of sub-populations of first and second bacteria in a mixed population of bacteria. The invention is particularly useful, for example, for treatment of microbes such as for environmental, medical, food and beverage use. The invention relates inter alia to methods of controlling microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) or biofouling of a substrate or fluid in an industrial or domestic system.

Provided herein are methods and compositions related to Prevotella bacteria useful as therapeutic agents, e.g., for the treatment of psoriasis or atopic dermatitis.

Described are methods of suppressing the expression of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), M2 macrophages, and Treg cells in a tumor and inducing the expression of macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), and T effector cells in a tumor in a subject. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a strain of Mycobacteria including an expression vector of the present invention is administered to a subject.

The present invention relates to compositions comprising probiotic and prebiotic components, mineral salts, lactoferrin, and possibly saccharomycetes, which perform correct, effective colonisation of the probiotic components administered, with enteric consequences which involve maintaining and/or restoring intestinal health and preventing the consequences of common dysbioses of the digestive tract caused by stress, incorrect dietary habits and antibiotic treatments. Said compositions also have a concomitant anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating action.

The present invention generally relates to the field of skin care. More particularly, the invention relates to a cosmetic or therapeutic skin care composition comprising live bacteria of at least one Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) strain in combination with an antioxidant that specifically supports their viability during storage and/or their ability to replicate after application to the skin. Preferably, the cosmetic or therapeutic skin care composition comprises bacteria of at least one C. acnes strain selected from the group consisting of D1, A5, C1, C3, H1, H2,H3, K1,K2, K4, K6, K8, K9, L1, and F4. The invention also provides a method for treating or preventing acne by applying the skin care composition of the invention to a skin area in need of treatment. The invention also relates to the use of a skin care composition of the invention for treating or preventing acne.

A method for treating an individual suffering from bladder cancer employs a CRISPR system to selectively kill or reduce the numbers of pathogenic bacteria within the individual and the individual is then administered an immune checkpoint inhibitor. In particular embodiments, the pathogenic bacteria is one of E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella bacteria, and the checkpoint inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of nivolumab, pembrolizumab, dostarlimab, pidilizumab, AMP-224, AMP-514, STI-A1110, TSR-042, RG-7446, BMS-936559, MEDI-4736, MSB-0020718C, AUR-012 and STI-A1010. Further embodiments include enhancing the growth of a second bacteria in the individual, such bacteria including Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Enterococcus, Fusobacterium, Coprococcus, Lactobacillus, Propionibacterium, Ruminococcus, Veillonella, Prevotella, Escherichia and Streptococcus. The CRISPR system may include Cas9, Cpf1 and Cas3, and may be delivered using a bacteriophage.

Compositions, systems and methods of improving the health of the microbiome of an individual's skin relate to the provision of skin contacting formulations containing beneficial bacteria and other microbe components to foster the growth and maintenance of a healthy skin microbiome. A topical application of Lactobacillus crispatus is employed to ameliorate skin barrier damage and inflammation using unique combinations of probiotics, prebiotics, and other skin-beneficial ingredients, effectively treating inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and acne. The topical application of Lactobacillus crispatus to an individual's skin reduces inflammation through the production of tryptophan metabolites that act as AHR agonists.