An end mill includes a plurality of teeth and flutes. The teeth and their associated flutes include one or more correlated physical parameters. One such correlated parameter is that, at an axial location in a front half of an effective cutting length, at least one tooth of the plurality of teeth has a rake angle smaller than an average rake angle value of the plurality of teeth, and, at the same axial location, a flute preceding each such tooth has a helix angle larger than an average helix angle value of the plurality of flutes.

Proposed in a milling head, which has a plurality of machining milling teeth and tooth gaps arranged therebetween, whereby the milling teeth and the tooth gaps are arranged along a circumferential surface of the milling head, which milling head is to be provided with a number of milling teeth, which is greater than and/or substantially equal to the number of milling teeth ascertained using the equation y=a.Math.x.sup.5+b.Math.x.sup.4+c.Math.x.sup.3+d.Math.x.sup.2+e.Math.x+f , wherein x is the diameter of the milling head in millimeters and y is the tooth pitch, i.e. the distance between two adjacent milling teeth in millimeters, and it substantially applies that the value of a ranges between a=1.7.Math.10.sup.9 and a=2.3.Math.10.sup.9 , the value of b between b=5.Math.10.sup.7 and b=11.Math.10.sup.7 , the value of c between c=0.7.Math.10.sup.4 and c=1.3.Math.10.sup.4, the value of d between d=8.5.Math.10.sup.3 and d=9.7.Math.10.sup.3, the value of e between e=2.6.Math.10.sup.1 and e=3.7.Math.10.sup.1 and the value of f between f=1.5.Math.10.sup.1 and f=2.6.Math.10.sup.1.

An end mill machining apparatus, a CAM apparatus, an NC program, and a machining method which suppress regenerative self-excited vibration and mode-coupling self-excited vibration. An end mill machining apparatus includes an end mill, and a control section for controlling the end mill. The ratio of the protrusion length of the end mill to the diameter of the end mill falls within a range of 5 to 50. The end mill is a variable pitch, uniform helix type or a variable helix type. The control section controls the end mill such that the contact angle between the end mill and a workpiece M1 during machining becomes equal to or smaller than a critical contact angle .sub.lim.

In an embodiment, a cutting tool includes a holder and a cutting insert. The holder is elongated and includes an insert pocket that is located on a side of a first end. The cutting insert is secured to the insert pocket. The cutting tool further includes a clamp that fastens the cutting insert in the insert pocket, and a screw that comes in contact with the cutting insert and is secured to the insert pocket. The screw includes a first surface including a first engagement portion on a first surface that is located on a side of the first end. The first engagement portion is located within a through-hole included in the screw in a front view of the first end.

A variable radius gash geometry may be provided on a variety of rotary cutting tools. The rotary cutting tools extend along a longitudinal axis, from a shank towards a cutting face that engages a material to be cut during a plunge or ramp operation, and a plurality of gashes may be provided in the cutting face of the rotary cutting tool. The gashes may each be a full radius gash, and the radius defining each of the gashes may be unique or different from one another and tangent to an axial rake face and clearance face surrounding the gash.

An end mill for shouldering and/or slotting applications includes at least one tooth including a cutting edge. The cutting edge includes a first sub-edge extending rearwardly from a cutting end face and a second sub-edge extending rearwardly from the first sub-edge. An angle transition intersection defines where the first sub-edge ends and the second sub-edge starts. The angle transition intersection is located generally between 20% to 75% of an effective cutting length from a cutting end face and more specifically at a location within the general location where there is an increase in the rake angle and/or a significant increase in the helix angle of the cutting edge.

A rotary cutting tool may include a cylindrical body having a cutting portion that extends longitudinally along an axis of the cylindrical body towards an axial end of the cylindrical body. A cutting face may be provided at the axial end, the cutting face having a plurality of end cutting edges associated with a plurality of gash grinds in the cutting face, wherein each gash grind from the plurality of gash grinds is defined by a different constant radius such that of each end cutting edge from the plurality of end cutting edges is of equal length.

In one embodiment, a holder includes a body part elongated from a first end part to a second end part along a rotation axis. The body part includes a first member, a second member, and a third member. The first member is located on a side of the first end part, and includes a pocket to receive a cutting insert. The second member is located closer to the second end part than the first member, and includes at least one cavity inside the second member. The third member is located closer to the second end part than the second member.

In an embodiment, a cutting tool includes a holder and a cutting insert. The holder is elongated, extends from a first end to a second end along a rotational axis. The holder includes an insert pocket on a side of the first end. The cutting insert is located in the insert pocket and includes a cutting edge. The insert pocket includes an opening in an end surface of the first end and an outer peripheral surface adjacent to the first end of the holder. The cutting insert further includes a first portion that is located more radially inward than an outer peripheral opening of in the insert pocket in a front view of the first end of the holder. The first portion has a width greater than a width of the opening in a direction along a rotation direction of the rotation axis.

An end mill for shouldering and/or slotting applications includes at least one tooth including a cutting edge. The cutting edge includes a first sub-edge extending rearwardly from a cutting end face and a second sub-edge extending rearwardly from the first sub-edge. An angle transition intersection defines where the first sub-edge ends and the second sub-edge starts. The angle transition intersection is located generally between 20% to 75% of an effective cutting length from a cutting end face and more specifically at a location within the general location where there is an increase in the rake angle and/or a significant increase in the helix angle of the cutting edge.