Provided herein are methods, drug formulations, and dosing regimens for improving cognitive function in a normal or cognitively impaired subject. For instance, methods provided herein comprise administering a GABA.sub.A receptor antagonist so that peak concentration of the GABA.sub.A receptor antagonist occurs when the subject is asleep.

Provided herein are methods, drug formulations, and dosing regimens for improving cognitive function in a normal or cognitively impaired subject. For instance, methods provided herein comprise administering a GABA.sub.A receptor antagonist so that peak concentration of the GABA.sub.A receptor antagonist occurs when the subject is asleep.

The present invention relates to a topical composition comprising plant extracts. In particular, the present invention relates to a topical composition comprising plant extracts embedded in hydrophilic vesicles (niosomes), preferably having a size smaller than 500 nm, and at least one topically acceptable excipient.

The present invention relates to a topical composition comprising plant extracts. In particular, the present invention relates to a topical composition comprising plant extracts embedded in hydrophilic vesicles (niosomes), preferably having a size smaller than 500 nm, and at least one topically acceptable excipient.

The present invention provides new protease resistant polypeptides, as well as compositions and methods for treating, ameliorating or preventing conditions related to joint damage, including acute joint injury and arthritis.

A method and composition useful for improving memory of a subject are disclosed. The method comprises the step of administering the composition to the subject. The composition consists essentially of Cistanche extract and Ginkgo extract (e.g. as actives). In a first general embodiment, the extracts are present in a weight ratio (Cistanche to Ginkgo; or “C:G”) that is >2.5:1. In a second general embodiment, the extracts are present in a weight ratio that is <2.5:1. In embodiments of the first general embodiment, the composition comprises about 72-99 weight percent (wt. %) Cistanche tubulosa extract and about 1-28 wt. % Ginkgo biloba extract. In embodiments of the second general embodiment, the composition comprises about 50-70 wt. % Cistanche tubulosa extract and about 30-50 wt. % Ginkgo biloba extract. The Cistanche tubulosa extract is generally obtained from root material and the Ginkgo biloba extract is generally obtained from leaf material. The composition may also include inactives.

A method and composition useful for improving memory of a subject are disclosed. The method comprises the step of administering the composition to the subject. The composition consists essentially of Cistanche extract and Ginkgo extract (e.g. as actives). In a first general embodiment, the extracts are present in a weight ratio (Cistanche to Ginkgo; or “C:G”) that is >2.5:1. In a second general embodiment, the extracts are present in a weight ratio that is <2.5:1. In embodiments of the first general embodiment, the composition comprises about 72-99 weight percent (wt. %) Cistanche tubulosa extract and about 1-28 wt. % Ginkgo biloba extract. In embodiments of the second general embodiment, the composition comprises about 50-70 wt. % Cistanche tubulosa extract and about 30-50 wt. % Ginkgo biloba extract. The Cistanche tubulosa extract is generally obtained from root material and the Ginkgo biloba extract is generally obtained from leaf material. The composition may also include inactives.

A method and composition useful for improving memory of a subject are disclosed. The method comprises the step of administering the composition to the subject. The composition consists essentially of Cistanche extract and Ginkgo extract (e.g. as actives). In a first general embodiment, the extracts are present in a weight ratio (Cistanche to Ginkgo; or “C:G”) that is >2.5:1. In a second general embodiment, the extracts are present in a weight ratio that is <2.5:1. In embodiments of the first general embodiment, the composition comprises about 72-99 weight percent (wt. %) Cistanche tubulosa extract and about 1-28 wt. % Ginkgo biloba extract. In embodiments of the second general embodiment, the composition comprises about 50-70 wt. % Cistanche tubulosa extract and about 30-50 wt. % Ginkgo biloba extract. The Cistanche tubulosa extract is generally obtained from root material and the Ginkgo biloba extract is generally obtained from leaf material. The composition may also include inactives.

A pouched product adapted for release of a releasable component therefrom is provided herein. The pouched product can include a water-permeable fabric pouch formed so as to define a cavity therein, and a composition contained within the cavity of the water-permeable fabric pouch, the composition including one or more releasable components that are released from the composition under mouth conditions and that are capable of movement through the water-permeable fabric pouch. The composition includes nicotine and at least one particulate non-tobacco material. The pouched product also includes at least one capsule contained within the cavity of the water-permeable fabric pouch, the capsule having a capsule wall surrounding an inner payload comprising at least one botanical.

A pouched product adapted for release of a releasable component therefrom is provided herein. The pouched product can include a water-permeable fabric pouch formed so as to define a cavity therein, and a composition contained within the cavity of the water-permeable fabric pouch, the composition including one or more releasable components that are released from the composition under mouth conditions and that are capable of movement through the water-permeable fabric pouch. The composition includes nicotine and at least one particulate non-tobacco material. The pouched product also includes at least one capsule contained within the cavity of the water-permeable fabric pouch, the capsule having a capsule wall surrounding an inner payload comprising at least one botanical.