In certain aspects, the disclosure relates to a nucleic acid molecule encoding two or more different thanotransmission polypeptides. Thanotransmission is communication between cells that is a result of activation of a cell turnover pathway in a target cell, which signals a responding cell to undergo a biological response. Vectors (e.g., engineered viruses, plasmids and transposons), cells and pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more nucleic acid molecules encoding two or more thanotransmision polypeptides are also disclosed. Methods of promoting thanotransmission by a target cell, methods of promoting an immune response in a subject, and methods of treating cancer in a subject are further disclosed.

The present invention provides an oral pharmaceutical composition for treating insomnia, comprising lemborexant or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein a normal dose of the lemborexant or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is 5 to 10 mg per day, provided that a dose of the lemborexant or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is 2.5 mg per day when the pharmaceutical composition is administered to a patient together with the agent capable of moderately or strongly inhibiting CYP3A, and/or a dose of the lemborexant or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is 5 mg per day when the pharmaceutical composition is administered to the patient together with the agent capable of weakly inhibiting CYP3A.

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing (β-lapachone as an active ingredient for prevention or treatment of cholestatic liver disease, and can provide agents for effectively preventing and treating cholestatic liver disease.

The technology described herein is directed to methods of treating and diagnosing cancer, e.g, by measuring the expression of certain genes in exosomes.

Nikkomycin Z (nikZ) is an antifungal agent that clears from a mammalian bloodstream relatively rapidly, with a clearance half-life of about 2 to 2.5 hours in humans. Supplying additional drug at less than two clearance half-lives (about 4 hours) and better still at less than one half-life (about 2 hours) can replace cleared drug to better maintain a steady blood level. Such a schedule is challenging in humans and not practical in treating mice. Providing a continuous supply of drug in water (“DiW”), nikZ dissolved in drinking water permits rodents to drink ad libitum, proved highly efficacious in treating intracranial infection with coccidioidomycosis. Comparison with a similar study dosing nikZ TID, the DiW dosing showed the same reduction of fungal burden at a >95% lower dose and similar survival at a >75% reduction of dose compared with TID dosing.

The invention relates to methods of treating COVID-19 in a patient by administering therapeutically effective amounts of certain SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor compounds or pharmaceutical compositions containing them to a patient in need thereof. The invention also relates to inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus viral replication activity comprising contacting SARS-CoV-2-related coronavirus protease with a therapeutically effective amount of a SARS-Cov-2 protease inhibitor, such as a SARS-Cov-2 3CL protease inhibitor and compositions comprising the same.

The present invention relates to a combination product comprising a limonoid compound (or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative, ester, stereoisomer, salt or prodrug thereof), and a glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2) inhibitor (e.g., canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, ipragliflozin, luseogliflozin and tofogliflozin). The present invention further relates to a use of the combination product for prevention and/or treatment of a disease associated with diabetes and the like.

A method comprising administering, to a subject in need thereof, an effective amount of a nucleotide effective to disrupt one or more pathways leading to sepsis. The nucleotide may be a nitric oxide disruptor effective to decrease the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. The nitric oxide disrupter may comprise a polynucleotide strand exhibiting at least 70% sequence identity to one of Sequence ID No. 1 through Sequence ID No. 47. Additionally or alternatively, the nucleotide may be an α disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) enzyme inhibitor effective to decrease the expression of ADAM enzyme. The ADAM enzyme inhibitor may comprise a polynucleotide strand exhibiting at least 70% sequence identity to one of Sequence ID No. 48 through Sequence ID No. 56.

Described herein is the design and construction of a class of lipoprotein targeting protease inhibitors. Small peptides with protease inhibitor activity are conjugated to hydrophobic, lipoprotein targeting molecules using, for instance, amine reactive chemistry. Methods of use of the resultant lipoprotein targeting protease inhibitor (antiprotease) molecules are also described. Also described is the production and use of protease inhibitor enriched HDL particles, as well as AlAT-peptide-enriched HDL particles, and their use in various therapeutic contexts.

The present invention relates to a chemical and pharmaceutical technology, and in particular to a STAT3 and ERK signal pathway inhibitor and a use thereof. The present invention provides a STAT3 and ERK signal pathway inhibitor. The inhibitor mainly consists of a mogroside and/or an analog thereof. The mogroside and the analog thereof inhibit the phosphorylation of a transcription factor STAT3 and the phosphorylation of an ERK. The method for preparing the mogroside and the analog has the characteristics of simpleness, strong operability and high purity of products. The present invention furtherprovides a use of the STAT3 and ERK signal pathway inhibitor in the preparation of drugs for treating tumors, which realizes the purposes of inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells and promoting the apoptosis of cancer cells and has a very good inhibition effect on cancers.