The present invention relates to the use of collagen hydrolysate for improving endurance performance by increasing mitochondrial activity. Further, the invention relates to the use of collagen hydrolysate for stimulating lipid catabolism, and in particular for reducing body weight, by increasing mitochondrial activity.

Provided are nutritional compositions containing dietary butyrate. Further disclosed are methods for reducing the incidence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in a target subject via administering the nutritional composition containing dietary butyrate to the target subject. Further provided are methods for improving adipose tissue functioning in a target subject.

Provided are nutritional compositions containing dietary butyrate. Further disclosed are methods for reducing the incidence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in a target subject via administering the nutritional composition containing dietary butyrate to the target subject. Further provided are methods for improving adipose tissue functioning in a target subject.

Provided are nutritional compositions containing dietary butyrate. Further disclosed are methods for reducing the incidence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in a target subject via administering the nutritional composition containing dietary butyrate to the target subject. Further provided are methods for improving adipose tissue functioning in a target subject.

A composition is disclosed that includes pure silk fibroin-based protein fragments that are substantially devoid of sericin, wherein the composition has an average weight average molecular weight ranging from about 17 kDa to about 38 kDa, wherein the composition has a polydispersity of between about 1.5 and about 3.0, wherein the composition is substantially homogeneous, wherein the composition between 0 ppm to about 500 ppm of inorganic residuals, and wherein the composition includes between 0 ppm to about 500 ppm of organic residuals.

A composition is disclosed that includes pure silk fibroin-based protein fragments that are substantially devoid of sericin, wherein the composition has an average weight average molecular weight ranging from about 17 kDa to about 38 kDa, wherein the composition has a polydispersity of between about 1.5 and about 3.0, wherein the composition is substantially homogeneous, wherein the composition between 0 ppm to about 500 ppm of inorganic residuals, and wherein the composition includes between 0 ppm to about 500 ppm of organic residuals.

Peptides consisting of the amino acid sequence of any of LIVTQTMKGL (SEQ ID NO: 1), LIVTQTMKG (SEQ ID NO: 2), LIVTQTMK (SEQ ID NO: 3), IVTQTMKGL (SEQ ID NO: 4), IVTQTMKG (SEQ ID NO: 5), and VTQTMKGL (SEQ ID NO: 6) are useful for improving intestinal barrier function, for suppressing blood glucose elevation, for improving insulin sensitivity, for promoting FGF21 secretion, for suppressing stress or protecting nerves, or for reducing fatigue.

A method for alleviating arthritis includes administering to a subject in need thereof a postbiotic extract. The postbiotic extract is prepared by a process including the steps of providing a first material having a first isoelectric point ranging from pH 1 to pH 6 and a second material having a second isoelectric point ranging from pH 4 to pH 8, admixing the first material and a probiotic microorganism with water having a pH greater than the second isoelectric point, so as to forma mixture, adding the second material into the mixture and then adjusting a pH of the second material-added mixture to between the first and second isoelectric points so that a precipitate is formed, and subjecting the precipitate to a cell wall isolation treatment to obtain the postbiotic extract.

A method for alleviating arthritis includes administering to a subject in need thereof a postbiotic extract. The postbiotic extract is prepared by a process including the steps of providing a first material having a first isoelectric point ranging from pH 1 to pH 6 and a second material having a second isoelectric point ranging from pH 4 to pH 8, admixing the first material and a probiotic microorganism with water having a pH greater than the second isoelectric point, so as to forma mixture, adding the second material into the mixture and then adjusting a pH of the second material-added mixture to between the first and second isoelectric points so that a precipitate is formed, and subjecting the precipitate to a cell wall isolation treatment to obtain the postbiotic extract.

The present invention primarily relates to a combination agent for reducing appetite and/or for providing a feeling of satiety and/or for reducing energy intake and/or for reducing body weight. In addition, the present invention relates to a medical use of the combination agent, in particular for the treatment of overweight and obesity and for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, and joint damage and wear of the spine, and to a non-therapeutic use of the combination agent. In particular, the focus of the present invention is on the use of the combination agent to provide a feeling of satiety and/or to reduce energy intake and/or to reduce body weight. Finally, the present invention relates to the use of the combination agent for the preparation of an orally consumable preparation or food ingredient and an orally consumable preparation or food ingredient prepared therefrom.