As advanced cancer has poor prognosis, its detection and treatment at the earliest stages is critical to increase cancer survival rate. Therefore, elucidating the determinants of the intra-lesion immune reaction during cancer's developments is critical for moving into precision medicine and immunotherapy-based cancer prevention. Adaptive immune response within tumors was shown to be the strongest at the earliest stage of carcinoma. Thus, the inventors hypothesized that the immune microenvironment and adaptive immunity were first established at early stage of lung carcinogenesis. Here they identified changes in the tumor molecular profile and its microenvironment during the successive steps of lung squamous carcinogenesis, using gene expression profiling and multispectral imaging. A unique and invaluable dataset of (9) morphological stages of development was analyzed, including (122) well-annotated biopsies from (77) patients. In particular, the inventors show that immune activation and immune escape occur before tumor invasion, and that immunosuppressive cytokines and checkpoint receptors immune escape mechanisms are concomitant with anti-tumor immunity in high-grade dysplasia. Thus, the present invention relates to methods of predicting and preventing cancer in subjects having premalignant lesions.

Provided are novel human copper-zinc superoxide dismutase, also known as superoxide dismutase 1 or SOD1, specific antibodies as well as fragments, derivatives and variants thereof as well as methods related thereto. Assays, kits, and solid supports related to antibodies specific for SOD1 are also disclosed. The antibody, immunoglobulin chain(s), as well as binding fragments, derivatives and variants thereof can be used in pharmaceutical and diagnostic compositions for SOD1 targeted immunotherapy and diagnosis, respectively.

The present invention relates to compositions, immunogenic or vaccine compositions and pharmaceutical compositions for the prevention or treatment of a condition or disorder selected from a pruritic condition or an allergic condition, of equine mammals, preferably of horses. Furthermore, the invention provides methods for preventing or treating pruritus, preferably pruritus associated with a pruritic condition or an allergic condition such as allergic dermatitis, of equine mammals, preferably of horses.

The present disclosure relates to extracellular vesicles (EVs), e.g., exosomes, comprising a payload (e.g., an antigen, adjuvant, and/or immune modulator) and/or a targeting moiety. Also provided herein are methods for producing the EVs (e.g., exosomes) and methods for using the EVs (e.g., exosomes) to treat and/or prevent diseases or disorders, e.g., cancer, graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), autoimmune disease, infectious diseases, or fibrotic diseases.

Disclosed herein are exosomes, compositions, and methods for the treatment of subjects infected with, or at risk for infection with a coronavirus, such as SARS-CoV-2, HCoV-NL63, or SARS-CoV. The disclosed exosomes comprise ACE2 protein and typically display ACE2 protein on the exosome surface. In some embodiment, the exosomes optionally are loaded with one or more additional therapeutic agents for treating an infection by a coronavirus, such as remdesivir. In some embodiments, compositions comprising the exosomes are administered to a subject in need thereof, e.g., to a subject diagnosed with, or suspected of having a SARS-CoV-2 infection, an HCoV-NL63 infection, or a SARS-CoV infection. In some embodiments, administration is via inhalation. In some embodiments, administration is via injection.

The present invention provides a particle comprising a polypeptide and at least one antigen, and a composition comprising thereof.

The present disclosure provides for methods, systems, and compositions of nucleic acid and peptide sequences. The present disclosure provides for a nucleic acid sequence encoding two or more amino acid sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 28, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, and SEQ ID NO: 41. The present disclosure also provides for an immunogenic peptide composition comprising two or more peptides selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 28, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 36, SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, and SEQ ID NO: 41. The present disclosure further provides for a nucleic acid sequence encoding one or more amino acid sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, and SEQ ID NO: 65. The present disclosure additionally provides for an immunogenic peptide composition comprising one or more peptides selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 43, SEQ ID NO: 44, SEQ ID NO: 45, SEQ ID NO: 46, SEQ ID NO: 47, SEQ ID NO: 48, SEQ ID NO: 49, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 54, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 56, SEQ ID NO: 57, SEQ ID NO: 58, SEQ ID NO: 59, SEQ ID NO: 60, SEQ ID NO: 61, SEQ ID NO: 62, SEQ ID NO: 63, SEQ ID NO: 64, and SEQ ID NO: 65.

Provided herein are compositions and combinations for the therapeutic and diagnostic use in treating and preventing biofilms and associated disorders using a high mobility group box protein (HMGB) polypeptide, mutant and/or fragment thereof and an anti-DNABII antibody, fragment or variant thereof. The polypeptide and antibody can be administered in the same or separate compositions.

Devices, and methods for preventing immune rejections are disclosed, in which trophoblasts or trophoblast-like cells are used to induce tolerance toward allogeneic cell and tissue grafts. The devices can be used as artificial placenta vaccines to avoid immunosuppression in organ transplantation.

GDF15 polypeptides, constructs comprising GDF15, and mutants thereof are provided. In various embodiments the GDF15 polypeptides, constructs comprising GDF15, and mutants thereof, can be of use in the treatment or ameliorating a metabolic disorder. In various embodiments the metabolic disease or disorder is type 2 diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated glucose levels, elevated insulin levels and diabetic nephropathy.