A rail welding method and device are provided. The method includes: welding a bottom of rail, wherein welding is repeatedly performed along a first swing trajectory in a lengthwise direction of a weld seam, from one end of the bottom of rail to the other end of the bottom of rail; welding a waist of rail, wherein welding is repeatedly performed in the lengthwise direction of the weld seam along a second swing trajectory, from one end of the waist of rail, and the second swing trajectory is divided into two regions for respective welding in a width direction of the weld seam; and welding a head of rail, wherein welding is performed in the lengthwise direction of the weld seam along the first swing trajectory, between one end of the head of rail and the other end of the head of rail.

An end product and system for connecting large aluminum tubular pipe segments into an Isolated Phase Bus comprising reducing the diameter (or increasing the same) of one end of a tubular segment and sliding it into (or over) the untreated end of an adjacent pipe or tubular segment, followed by a tubular and circumferential welding of the same. The outside or inside circumference of the connected segments are uniform from distal to proximal end of the overall length of the connected tubular segments. A structural integral, axially aligned, simplified set of connectable tubular segments allows for a grounded connection between power generators and step transformers. Preferably, the overall diameter change of the necked down flange (or outwardly flared flange) of one tubular segment is less than or only slightly greater than twice the material wall thickness of the tubular segment's initial pre-rolled flat aluminum sheet material.

A retention clip used to retain workpieces during welding includes a spacer that extends along an axis and a plurality of first and second spring members positioned on opposite sides of the axis. The first spring members may be spaced apart from each other along the axis and configured to constrain a portion of a first workpiece between the first spring members and the spacer. And, the second spring members may be spaced apart from each other along the axis and configured to constrain a portion of a second workpiece between the second spring members and the spacer.

A retention clip used to retain workpieces during welding includes a spacer that extends along an axis and a plurality of first and second spring members positioned on opposite sides of the axis. The first spring members may be spaced apart from each other along the axis and configured to constrain a portion of a first workpiece between the first spring members and the spacer. And, the second spring members may be spaced apart from each other along the axis and configured to constrain a portion of a second workpiece between the second spring members and the spacer.

The method can include inserting a first portion of a backing device into a fluid aperture of a first conduit component, inserting a second portion of the backing device into a fluid aperture of a second conduit component, and bringing the second conduit component adjacent the first component over the backing device, fusion welding the first conduit component to the second conduit over the backing device, and removing the backing device by circulating a fluid inside the welded conduit components. The backing device can be made of a soluble material.

The method can include inserting a first portion of a backing device into a fluid aperture of a first conduit component, inserting a second portion of the backing device into a fluid aperture of a second conduit component, and bringing the second conduit component adjacent the first component over the backing device, fusion welding the first conduit component to the second conduit over the backing device, and removing the backing device by circulating a fluid inside the welded conduit components. The backing device can be made of a soluble material.

A one-side submerged arc welding method includes joining two steel plates butted to each other by submerged arc welding from one side using a plurality of electrodes. During the submerged arc welding, at least one of the electrode distances between adjacent electrodes in a terminal end region of the steel plates is changed.

A retention clip used to retain workpieces during welding includes a spacer that extends along an axis and a plurality of first and second spring members positioned on opposite sides of the axis. The first spring members may be spaced apart from each other along the axis and configured to constrain a portion of a first workpiece between the first spring members and the spacer. And, the second spring members may be spaced apart from each other along the axis and configured to constrain a portion of a second workpiece between the second spring members and the spacer.

A retention clip used to retain workpieces during welding includes a spacer that extends along an axis and a plurality of first and second spring members positioned on opposite sides of the axis. The first spring members may be spaced apart from each other along the axis and configured to constrain a portion of a first workpiece between the first spring members and the spacer. And, the second spring members may be spaced apart from each other along the axis and configured to constrain a portion of a second workpiece between the second spring members and the spacer.

A welding backing insert (20) includes a body (22), a retention member (24) and an insertion member (26). The retention member (24) includes at least one leg (28) being deflectable to enable insertion into a hollow profile structural extrusions (14). At least one leg (28) tries to return to its original position exerting a force on the hollow profile structural extrusion (14) to retain the backing insert (20) in the hollow profile structural extrusion (14). The insertion member (26) projects from the body for inserting into a second hollow profile structural extrusion (14). A gap-control joint spacer (50) projects from the body to provide a gap between adjacent hollow profile structural extrusions.