The invention relates to a machine tool (10) comprising a machine controller (19), a machine frame (11), a work table (13), a tool holder (14), preferably of a standardized design, multiple translational and/or rotational axes (12a, 12b) for adjusting the relative position of the work table (13) and the work holder (14), a tool magazine (16) for one or more material-removing, in particular machining tools (15), a tool-change mechanism for automatically transporting tools between the tool holder (14) and the tool magazine (16), a deposit-welding head (20) that can be inserted into the tool holder (14) and a storage device (25) for storing the deposit-welding head outside the tool holder (14).

A thin-skin side-stay beam may include an upper arm with thin skin and a mating flange extending longitudinally from the thin skin. A lower arm may also have a thin skin and a mating flange extending longitudinally from the lower arm. A joint may include a pin and/or a bushing extending through the mating flanges to pivotally couple the upper arm to the lower arm. The upper arm and/or the lower arm may include one or more internal walls defining one or more internal cavities.

A welding robot (20) forms a laminate-molded object (11) by forming and laminating a melt bead (61) of each layer (L1 to Lk) so that a height (h.sub.now) of the melt bead (61) of each layer (L1 to Lk) is within a range of a tolerance () with respect to a planned height (h.sub.k). When the height (h.sub.now) of the melt bead (61) is lower than a value obtained by subtracting the tolerance () from the planned height (h.sub.k), the welding robot (20) forms another melt bead (61a) over the melt bead (61). When the height (h.sub.now) of the melt bead (61) is higher than a value obtained by adding the tolerance () to the planned height (h.sub.k), the melt bead (61) is removed by a cutting robot (30).

In various embodiments, wire composed at least partially of arc-melted refractory metal material is utilized to fabricate three-dimensional parts by additive manufacturing.

Methods, apparatus and systems for additive manufacturing are provided. Such may include an additive manufacturing material supply, and an energy source that heats the additive manufacturing material supply, forming a melt pool; and an ultrasonic-vibrating member positioned at a distance behind the energy source, such that the ultrasonic-vibrating member is configured to contact the melt pool on a trailing side of the energy source and provide ultrasonic acoustic cavitation and streaming effects to the additive manufacturing process.

A tool bit with a surface layer metallurgically bonded on a substrate layer using electrospark deposition (ESD) that allows the tool bit to reduce camout and engage a fastener head for one-handed starting and removal. The surface layer has a rougher finish, compared to conventional tool bits, and therefore better grips engagement surfaces of a mating recess of the fastener during use. The reduction of camout provides greater durability to the tool bit and resists erosion and wear of the engagement surfaces of the fastener.

In a building step, a base measurement processing of acquiring a measured height by measuring, using a shape sensor, a height of a base at a position where a torch is to be moved when depositing weld beads; a welding condition setting processing of obtaining a planned height of the base at the position where the torch is to be moved from a deposition plan, comparing the measured height acquired in the base measurement processing and the planned height to obtain a differential height, and setting a welding condition in a feedback correction for reducing the differential height; and a correction ratio update processing of performing a selection from a plurality of correction ratios set in advance and updating a correction ratio in the welding condition based on a selected correction ratio are executed.

Improved free-swinging hammermill hammer configurations are disclosed and described for comminution of materials such as grain and refuse. The hammer configurations of the present disclosure are adaptable to most hammer mill or grinders having free-swinging systems. The configurations as disclosed and claimed are non-forged and incorporate a saddle or hammer mouth. The merging of a hammer and saddle improves strength to reduce or maintain the weight of the hammer while increasing the amount of force delivered to the material to be comminuted. The improved configurations incorporate comminution edges having increased hardness for longer operational run times. The improved configurations improve installing, removing, and cleaning hammer components within the hammermill. The improved configurations may incorporate hammermill rod hole of varying shapes and sizes and saddles of varying shapes and sizes or the use of non-planar hammer bodies that have a recessed or protruding surface.

Disclosed is a welding system configured to perform additive manufacturing using a controlled short circuit welding process to apply a plurality of droplets of a wire to create a multilayer part comprised of the droplets. Operational parameters of the additive manufacturing system are dynamically adjusted based on data representing a temperature value and/or a geometric characteristic of the part. Based on the data, the controller can adjust one or more operational parameters to control application of droplets to build up the part.

Methods for welding a particle-matrix composite body to another body and repairing particle-matrix composite bodies are disclosed. Additionally, earth-boring tools having a joint that includes an overlapping root portion and a weld groove having a face portion with a first bevel portion and a second bevel portion are disclosed. In some embodiments, a particle-matrix bit body of an earth-boring tool may be repaired by removing a damaged portion, heating the particle-matrix composite bit body, and forming a built-up metallic structure thereon. In other embodiments, a particle-matrix composite body may be welded to a metallic body by forming a joint, heating the particle-matrix composite body, melting a metallic filler material forming a weld bead and cooling the welded particle-matrix composite body, metallic filler material and metallic body at a controlled rate.