A welding torch using a shielding gas includes a diffuser and an external nozzle integrated or fastened to an insulator and a welding tip fastened to the diffuser. The welding torch includes: the amplification nozzle installed as an inner nozzle part and an outer nozzle part on the upper and lower parts of gas outlets of the diffuser. The inner nozzle part is installed to be inclined on the welding tip, and the external nozzle is partially or entirely opened.

A welding torch using a shielding gas includes a diffuser and an external nozzle integrated or fastened to an insulator and a welding tip fastened to the diffuser. The welding torch includes: the amplification nozzle installed as an inner nozzle part and an outer nozzle part on the upper and lower parts of gas outlets of the diffuser. The inner nozzle part is installed to be inclined on the welding tip, and the external nozzle is partially or entirely opened.

The invention relates to a method for producing an electrically conductive connection between a copper component 23, 23a and an aluminum component 24 by means of cold metal transfer welding, in which a welding wire is periodically moved back and forth from the material of a component to be welded.

One aspect of the disclosure provides an iron-based hardfacing layer which includes hard or wear resistant phases resulting at least in part from dissolution of silicon and/or boron carbide particles into a liquid iron-based metal during the fabrication process. In an embodiment, the hardfacing layer is formed by a fusion welding process in which carbide particles are added to the molten weld pool. In an example, the filler metal supplied to the welding process is a mild steel. In an embodiment, the hardness as measured at the surface of the hardfacing ranges from 40 to 65 HRC. In an example, the iron-based hardfacing layer also includes tungsten carbide particles.

One aspect of the disclosure provides an iron-based hardfacing layer which includes hard or wear resistant phases resulting at least in part from dissolution of silicon and/or boron carbide particles into a liquid iron-based metal during the fabrication process. In an embodiment, the hardfacing layer is formed by a fusion welding process in which carbide particles are added to the molten weld pool. In an example, the filler metal supplied to the welding process is a mild steel. In an embodiment, the hardness as measured at the surface of the hardfacing ranges from 40 to 65 HRC. In an example, the iron-based hardfacing layer also includes tungsten carbide particles.

A 3D printer can print a structure by depositing material into a weld pool that is moving relative to a workpiece. An electrode wire can supply energy to the weld pool while being fed at a first feed rate into the weld pool. A second wire can be fed into the weld pool at a second feed rate to deposit additional material and thereby speed up the overall material deposition rate. All of the energy in the weld pool may be supplied by the electrode wire. The printer can dynamically control the first feed rate and the second feed rate during printing. A mathematical model can be used to determine the second feed rate as a function of the first feed rate, the energy put into the weld pool, and the print head travel speed. The second feed rate may optimize the material deposition rate according to the model.

A multi-operational welding-type system including a user interface supported by a support structure and including a first user interface device moveable between a welding position, a gouging position, and an off position, and a second user interface device configured to alter operation parameters of the multi-operational welding-type system. A controller is supported by the support structure and monitors the position of the first user interface device and utilizes the operational parameters supplied via the second user interface device. The multi-operational welding-type system may perform only one of a gouging-type process and a welding-type process at a given time depending on the position of the first user interface device.

A multi-operational welding-type system including a user interface supported by a support structure and including a first user interface device moveable between a welding position, a gouging position, and an off position, and a second user interface device configured to alter operation parameters of the multi-operational welding-type system. A controller is supported by the support structure and monitors the position of the first user interface device and utilizes the operational parameters supplied via the second user interface device. The multi-operational welding-type system may perform only one of a gouging-type process and a welding-type process at a given time depending on the position of the first user interface device.

Weld metals and methods for welding ferritic steels are provided. The weld metals have high strength and high ductile tearing resistance and are suitable for use in strain based pipelines. The weld metal contains retained austenite and has a cellular microstructure with cell walls containing lath martensite and cell interiors containing degenerate upper bainite. The weld metals are comprised of between 0.02 and 0.12 wt % carbon, between 7.50 and 14.50 wt % nickel, not greater than about 1.00 wt % manganese, not greater than about 0.30 wt % silicon, not greater than about 150 ppm oxygen, not greater than about 100 ppm sulfur, not greater than about 75 ppm phosphorus, and the balance essentially iron. Other elements may be added to enhance the properties of the weld metal. The weld metals are applied using a power source with current waveform control which produces a smooth, controlled welding arc and weld pool in the absence of CO.sub.2 or oxygen in the shielding gas.

Weld metals and methods for welding ferritic steels are provided. The weld metals have high strength and high ductile tearing resistance and are suitable for use in strain based pipelines. The weld metal contains retained austenite and has a cellular microstructure with cell walls containing lath martensite and cell interiors containing degenerate upper bainite. The weld metals are comprised of between 0.02 and 0.12 wt % carbon, between 7.50 and 14.50 wt % nickel, not greater than about 1.00 wt % manganese, not greater than about 0.30 wt % silicon, not greater than about 150 ppm oxygen, not greater than about 100 ppm sulfur, not greater than about 75 ppm phosphorus, and the balance essentially iron. Other elements may be added to enhance the properties of the weld metal. The weld metals are applied using a power source with current waveform control which produces a smooth, controlled welding arc and weld pool in the absence of CO.sub.2 or oxygen in the shielding gas.