The present invention relates to a method for the treatment of cancer in a subject which comprises the steps of: (i) administering electroporation to a tumour in the subject; and (II) administering a T or B-cell activiating agent to the subject, wherein step (i) and (II) may be performed in either order.

System for inducing sonoporation of a drug into cancer cells in a tumor and method thereof, the system comprising a generator configured to provide electrical energy at an ultrasound frequency; an ultrasound probe electrically connected to the generator and configured to convert the electrical energy into low intensity pulsed ultrasonic waves defined by operation parameters, said operation parameters comprising the frequency, the duty cycle, the operation time of the ultrasonic waves; an input device enabling an operator to enter configuration data comprising: type of tumor, type of drug, localization of secondary tumor, anthropometric measurements and grade of tumor, and a processor configured to determine the values of the operation parameters on the basis of the entered configuration data and control the generator and the ultrasound probe to operate according to said determined values, wherein the value of the frequency is determined on the basis of the type of tumor, the localization of the tumor, the grade of tumor and the anthropometric measurements, the value of the duty cycle is determined on the basis of the drug, the type of tumor and the grade of the tumor, and the value of said operation time being determined on the basis of at least the type of tumor and the type of drug.

The present invention provides a safer novel opening system with highly broad utility for a blood-brain barrier (BBB), containing nano-bubble water or nano-bubble aqueous solution containing nano-bubbles having an average diameter of not more than 200 nm, and an ultrasound generating apparatus in combination; a method for opening BBB, including using the nano-bubble water or nano-bubble aqueous solution, and an ultrasound; and a method for increasing BBB permeability of a drug, including using the nano-bubble water or nano-bubble aqueous solution, and an ultrasound.

The disclosure provides a use of hydrogel composition for alleviating degenerative joint and tendon tear. The hydrogel composition includes 100 parts by weight of therapeutic agent and 120-380 parts by weight of biodegradable copolymer, wherein the therapeutic agent comprises platelet-rich plasma (PRP), doxorubicin, transforming growth factor, bovine serum albumin, or a combination thereof. The biodegradable copolymer has a structure of Formula (I) or Formula (II):

##STR00001## wherein A is a hydrophilic polyethylene glycol polymer; B is a hydrophobic polyester polymer; BOX is a bifunctional group monomer of 2, 2-bis(2-oxazoline) used for coupling the blocks A-B or B-A-B; and n is 0 or an integer greater than 0.

Provided are a method for preparing liposomes comprising ultrasound reactive microbubbles for drug delivery, comprising (a) a step of producing ultrasound reactive microbubbles comprising an inert gas therein and having a first shell formed on the outer surface thereof, followed by forming a uniform size distribution of the ultrasound reactive microbubbles through an extruder; and (b) a step of producing liposomes comprising the ultrasound reactive microbubbles distributed in a uniform size and a medicament therein and having a second shell formed on the outer surface thereof, followed by forming a uniform size distribution of the liposomes through an extruder; and a liposome using same.

Methods and apparatus are provided for applying an fragment of a neurotoxin such as the active light chain (LC) of the botulinum toxin (BoNT), such as one of the serotype A, B, C, D, E, F or G botulinum toxins, via permeabilization of targeted cell membranes to enable translocation of the botulinum neurotoxin light chain (BoNT-LC) molecule across the targeted cell membrane to the cell cytosol where a therapeutic response is produced in a mammalian system. The methods and apparatus include use of catheter based delivery systems, non-invasive delivery systems, and transdermal delivery systems.

The present invention provides compositions comprising energy (e.g., light) absorbing submicron particles (e.g., nanoparticles comprising a silica core and a gold shell) and methods for delivering such particles via topical application. This delivery is facilitated by application of mechanical agitation (e.g. massage), acoustic vibration in the range of 10 Hz-20 kHz, ultrasound, alternating suction and pressure, and microjets.

Methods and apparatus are provided for applying an fragment of a neurotoxin such as the active light chain (LC) of the botulinum toxin (BoNT), such as one of the serotype A, B, C, D, E, F or G botulinum toxins, via permeabilization of targeted cell membranes to enable translocation of the botulinum neurotoxin light chain (BoNT-LC) molecule across the targeted cell membrane to the cell cytosol where a therapeutic response is produced in a mammalian system. The methods and apparatus include use of catheter based delivery systems, non-invasive delivery systems, and transdermal delivery systems.

Disclosed is a method of preventing or treating a condition of the gastrointestinal tract. The method includes the steps of providing a DNA repair composition, the DNA repair composition comprising at least one DNA repair enzyme, the DNA repair composition configured for administration within the gastrointestinal tract of a patient; and administering the DNA repair composition to the patient, such that the DNA repair composition is absorbed within the gastrointestinal tract of the patient to treat the condition of the gastrointestinal tract.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of a functionalized microbubble designed for treating and/or preventing vascular obstructions, including microvascular obstructions. The functionalized microbubble embodiments comprise a microbubble that can be activated upon exposure to ultrasound and further that has a lipid-based shell that is attached to an exteriorly-attached therapeutically active agent, such as a thrombolytic agent. Also disclosed herein are embodiments of a method for making and using the functionalized microbubble embodiments.