The present application discloses a mitochondrion/ribonucleic acid-targeted and migratable photosensitized probe and application thereof. The mitochondrion/ribonucleic acid-targeted and migratable photosensitized probe has a structure represented by the following Formula I:

##STR00001##

where, R.sup.1 is selected from hydrogen or methyl; R.sup.2 is any one of selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.5 alkoxys; R.sup.3 is selected from methyl or hydroxymethyl; and X is selected from a halogen atom, BF.sub.4, or ClO.sub.4.

The present disclosure provides topical biophotonic materials and methods useful in phototherapy. In particular, the topical biophotonic materials of the present disclosure include a cohesive matrix, and at least one chromophore which can absorb and emit light from within the topical biophotonic material, wherein the topical biophotonic material is elastic. The topical bio-photonic materials and the methods of the present disclosure are useful for promoting wound healing and skin rejuvenation, as well as treating acne and various other skin disorders.

There are described novel compounds of formula I: (I) in which, in which A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, A.sup.4, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each as herein defined, for use in the treatment or alleviation of an RAR mediated condition; and methods related thereto.

The invention, in some aspects, relates to polypeptide molecules and their encoding nucleic acid molecules and use of such molecules to target opsins to the soma of cells in which they are expressed. Compositions of the invention may be delivered to cells and subjects and used in methods to modulate electrical activity of cells in which they are expressed, and for treatment of diseases and conditions in subjects.

Multifunctional compositions and methods are provided for therapeutic treatment of bacteria and cancers and for fluorescence diagnosis. Systems generate in situ reactive oxygen species such as singlet oxygen (.sup.1O.sub.2), hydroxyl radical (OH) and Juglone, and other chemotherapeutic agents. Methods provided selectively produce greater amounts of one reactive oxygen species over others. Variations are effective in aerobic, anaerobic or H.sub.2O.sub.2 rich environments and in presence of, or absence of, light. In H.sub.2O.sub.2 rich environment in absence of light, variations decompose H.sub.2O.sub.2 into O.sub.2 gas to remove excess H.sub.2O.sub.2 for elimination of hypoxic environment. Variations are formed of porphyrins, naphthalene derivatives, and metal ions, for illustration, free base tetrakis Ar substituted porphyrine core without metal or halide substitution but having hydroxyphenyl and alkyl pyridyl substituents at meso positions combined with dihydroxynaphthalene and +3 hydrated metal ions.

The present invention relates to a NDG-Mn.sub.3O.sub.4 nanocomposite comprising a nitrogen doped graphene (NDG) and Mn.sub.3O.sub.4 nanoparticles. The NDG-Mn.sub.3O.sub.4 nanocomposite is useful in bimodal performance including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The NDG-Mn.sub.3O.sub.4 nanocomposites of the present invention caused significant cell death under laser irradiation, while control and Mn.sub.3O.sub.4 nanoparticles showed negligible cell death.

The present disclosure provides biophotonic topical compositions and methods useful in phototherapy. In particular, the biophotonic topical compositions of the present disclosure are substantially resistant to leaching such that very low amounts of chromophore(s) present in the biophotonic composition leach out of the composition. The biophotonic compositions and the methods of the present disclosure are useful for promoting wound healing and skin rejuvenation, as well as treating acne and various skin disorders.

Disclosed herein are compositions comprising a water-soluble host-guest complex formed from a host receptor and a guest photosensitizer for the photoprotection of the photosensitizer. Also disclosed are methods of using the composition for generating reactive oxygen species, inhibiting the proliferation or killing of a cell, treating a subject with a cell proliferative disease or disorder.

An emission enhancement structure having at least one energy augmentation structure; and an energy converter capable of receiving energy from an energy source, converting the energy and emitting therefrom a light of a different energy than the received energy. The energy converter is disposed in a vicinity of the at least one energy augmentation structure such that the emitted light is emitted with an intensity larger than if the converter were remote from the at least one energy augmentation structure. Also described are various uses for the energy emitters, energy augmentation structures and energy collectors in a wide array of fields.

The present invention provides a photo-exothermic composite material represented by Formula (I) of CNM-(Y.sup.1—R).sub.n1 (I) (wherein, CNM denotes a carbon nanomaterial, Y.sup.1 denotes a divalent linking group, R denotes a group derived from a fluorescent substance or pigment; and n1 is an integer of 1 or greater).