A shielding gas nozzle for metal forming includes a wire feed line being a path to feed a wire at an inclination angle θ, a first gas ejection hole to jet a shielding gas at an angle equal to or less than the inclination angle θ, and a second gas ejection hole to jet the shielding gas in a direction different from that of the first gas ejection hole. The first gas ejection hole jets the shielding gas toward an intersection along a direction in which the absolute value of the angle to the wire feed direction is less than 90 degrees, and the second gas ejection hole jets the shielding gas toward the intersection along a direction in which the absolute value of the angle to the wire feed direction when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the base material surface is greater than 90 degrees.

Subject-matter of the invention is a method of applying silicon carbide-containing materials to a substrate surface, and an apparatus for carrying out the method.

A laser machining system for machining a workpiece uses a laser beam, preferably for cutting or welding a workpiece using a laser beam. The laser machining system includes a machining head with a housing having an opening for emitting the laser beam from the machining head, a measuring device configured to direct an optical measurement beam through the opening, and an optical unit for aligning the laser beam and the optical measurement beam, the optical unit being settable to adjust the laser beam and the optical measurement beam perpendicular to the optical axis of the machining head in the region of the opening. The measuring device is further configured to determine a setting of the optical unit corresponding to the central alignment of the laser beam on the basis of measurement values based on reflections of the optical measurement beam for different settings of the optical unit.

To provide a fluid contact member whose corrosion resistance is particularly further improved than that in the related art. In order to solve this problem, a fluid contact member 10 includes a fluid contact portion 1 configured to be in contact with a fluid, the fluid contact portion 1 has a cobalt-based alloy phase 2 having a dendrite, and a compound phase 3 formed in an arm space of the dendrite and containing chromium carbide, and among a plurality of secondary arms 5 extending from one primary arm 4 constituting the dendrite, an average interval between adjacent secondary arms 5 is 5 μm or less. At this time, the average interval is preferably 3 μm or less. Further, the compound phase 3 is preferably formed discontinuously in the dendrite arm space.

A laser machining nozzle includes: a nozzle body coupled to a machining head; and a flow path formed through the nozzle body in a longitudinal axis of the nozzle body to allow a machining-assist gas to be injected toward a workpiece therethrough while a laser beam is emitted toward the workpiece, wherein the flow path comprises a first flow path formed in a flow direction of the machining-assist gas and generating a supersonic flow of the machining-assist gas; a second flow path connected to the first flow path in the flow direction of the machining-assist gas and expanding a volume of the machining-assist gas having passed through the first flow path; and a flow path boundary defining a boundary between the first flow path and the second flow path.

A liquid supply mechanism disposed at an upper portion of a holding unit includes a liquid chamber having a transparent plate positioned to form a gap between itself and an upper surface of a workpiece held on a holding table, a roller formed of a transparent member that is disposed in a non-contact state at a position proximate to an upper surface of the workpiece held on the holding table inside the liquid chamber and that produces a flow of a liquid on the workpiece; a motor rotating the roller, a liquid supply nozzle supplying the liquid into the gap from one side of the liquid chamber, and a liquid discharge nozzle discharging the liquid from the other side of the liquid chamber. A laser beam is applied to the workpiece through the transparent plate, the roller, and the liquid supplied into the gap.

This shaping apparatus is equipped with: a movement system which moves a target surface; a measurement system for acquiring position information of the target surface in a state movable by the movement system, a beam shaping system that has a beam irradiation section and a material processing section which supplies a shaping material irradiated by a beam from beam irradiation section; and a controller. On the basis of 3D data of a three-dimensional shaped object to be formed on a target surface and position information of the target surface acquired using the measurement system, the controller controls the movement system and the beam shaping system such that a target portion on the target surface is shaped by supplying the shaping material while moving the target surface and the beam from beam irradiation section relative to each other.

A laser processing method for laser processing of a workpiece made of a base material and a fiber reinforced composite material containing fibers having a thermal conductivity and a processing threshold higher than physical properties of glass fibers. The laser processing method includes a step of processing the workpiece by forming a plurality of through-holes extending through the workpiece by irradiating the workpiece with pulsed laser light from a processing head while relatively moving the workpiece and the processing head in a predetermined cutting direction. The pulsed laser light has a pulse width smaller than 1 ms and an energy density capable of forming each of the through-holes by a single pulse.

In some aspects, material processing head can include a body; an antenna disposed within the body; a first tag, associated with a first consumable component, disposed within a flux communication zone of the body at a first distance from the antenna, the first tag having a first resonant frequency; and a second tag, associated with a second consumable component, disposed within the flux communication zone of the body at a second distance from the antenna, the second tag having a second resonant frequency that is different than the first resonant frequency, where the first and second resonant frequencies are tuned based upon at least one of: i) a difference between the first distance and the second distance; or ii) a characteristic (e.g., shape) of the flux communication zone in which the first tag and/or the second tag is disposed.

A beam machining head (10; 100; 200) for beam cutting of a workpiece is provided, having an interface (12) for an energy beam source (14; 14, 201) for generating a focused machining energy beam (15; 206) selected from a particle beam source, a fuel fluid beam source, a plasma beam source and/or a source for electromagnetic radiation; an exit opening (16) for the machining energy beam bounded by an opening edge (18); an optical detector unit (19) for recording at least one image of an electromagnetic radiation (17) emitted from the workpiece (11) through the exit opening into the beam machining head (10; 100; 200) and induced in the workpiece by the machining energy beam; and a monitoring unit (30) connected in a data-transmitting manner to the optical detector unit for monitoring a positional relationship between a centre of the emitted electromagnetic radiation and the exit opening, wherein the monitoring unit (30) has: a first determination module for determining at least one position (180; 182) of the exit opening in the at least one image; a second determination module for determining at least one position (170) of the centre of the emitted electromagnetic radiation in the at least one image; and a third determination module for determining the positional relationship between the at least one position (170) of the centre of the emitted electromagnetic radiation and the at least one position (180; 182) of the exit opening (16). A beam machining device and a method for beam cutting are further disclosed.